The Effect Of Facility Soil Covered Different Rice Straw Segment To Vegatables And Soil Nutrition

We conducted a soil surface covering rice straw(500kg/mu)and cultivated water spinach in a greenhouse.High temperature and humidity can effectively promote the decomposition of straw.Straw can improve soil fertility and increase crop yield.In the previous research,1000 kg/mu rice straw(about 50cm segment)was added to the soil surface.The results show that the decomposing rate of straw could reach 75%,and the yield of vegetables in the current season increased by 14.95%.However,there is still a lot of residual straw,which is likely to affect the ploughing of the subsequent soil.Therefore,this experiment is based on the previous experiment.We shorten the size of rice straw.At present,the straw can be cuted into 10-20cm sections by the rice harvester,so short-size straws of 10cm and 20cm can be directly u sed for soil surface coverage experiment to explore decomposition effect of short-size straw a n d its effect on plants and soil.The following results are obtained1.In order to investigate the effect of facility soil covered different rice straw segmen,we set three treatments.10 cm,20 cm short straws.Each treatment soil surface was covered by 1000kg/mu rice straw.Control(CK,not covered with rice straw).Each treatment was repeated 3 times,and the water spinach(Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.)was planted in a plastic box in greenhouse for a long time to study the effect of spinach yield and soil physical and chemical properties by covering the different segment rice straw.The results showed that the electrical conductivity of the 10 cm and 20 cm short segment straws peaked on the 4th and 2nd days.The redox potential reached the valley value on the 4th and 3rd days.The short segment rice straw of long season decay rate was 100%.Two treatments and control water spinach yield was 11.86 t/mu,11.74 t/mu,9.86 t/mu,which were 20.28%and 19.07%higher than the control.The water spinach of two treatments can absorb and transfer more nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.After planting,the total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of 10 segment rice straw increased.The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of 20 segment rice straw decreased after planting.After planting,the nitrate nitrogen content of the two treatments decreased.The decrease of soil invertase was as follows:control>10cm segment>20cm segment,soil urease activity increased in two treatments,and control soil activity decreased Organic carbon,easily oxidized organic carbon,and total organic carbon content of 10 segment rice straw,which compared with before planting,they increased by 27.5%-27.0%-3.30%.The 20 cm treatment was 22.7%-52.7%-2.73%,which was better than the control(-4.1%-8.63%-1.90%).It is believed that the soil surface of the water field covered with short-sized rice straw can decompose faster,and can significantly increase the yield of aquatic vegetables in the season and improve the soil properties.2.After straw decomposing,the Chinese cabbage of 10cm segment treatment yield is 4.72t/mu,10cm segment treatment is 4.24t/mu,the control is 3.71t/mu.The yield of the two treatments is significantly higher than the control.In this experiment,the total of fertilizer is 6.89kg/mu,and the treatment transfer amounts were 30.28 and 25.65kg/mu N-P2O5-K2O.3.Finally,we put 2000 kg/mu rice strawi in the greenhouse.The final decomposition rate of 10cm segment was 79.53%,and the decomposition rate of the 20cm segment was 74.95%;The yield of differrnt treatments from high to low showed that 20cm segment,10 cm segment,control.Compared with the control,the 10cm and 20cm segment increased production by 13.14%and 20.58%.10cm,20cm segment,and controls respectively transferred nutrients of 86.02,90.38,and 60.92kg/mu N-P2O5-K2O.After experiment,two treatment soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus nutrients decreased less than the control,and total potassium increased more than control.After the experiment,soil nitrate nitrogen decreased significantly.4.After decomposing rice straws with different segment,the yield of dry-cropped vegetables was significantly higher than that of the control,and the yield increase range was 2.33-21.90%.The total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents of treated and control soils increased significantly,while the total potassium contents decreased.The SOC of treatment and control decreased,and soil available nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium all increased,and soil invertase,urease,and acid phosphatase activities increased.5.The yield of taro which soil was covered by rice straw was 1805.78kg/mu,which was higher than that of control,and much higher than that of taro planted in open field.Rice straw return to the field can significantly reduce the nitrate content of the soil plow layer,has a good effect on the prevention and control of salinized soil mainly containing nitrate;rice straw can fix nitrate nitrogen and reduce the leaching of nitrate nitrogen to the bottom soil,which can reduce non-point source pollution from farmland.6.Field experiment of lotus field lobster farming,the yield and quality of lotus have improved,and the income can be increased by 300 to 500 yuan per mu.It is believed that the covering of rice straw on the soil surface of the facility can dissipate a large amount of waste straw.After the straw is returned to the field,not only can it significantly increase the yield of vegetables this season,but also the straw is rich in potassium,which can reduce the use of potassium fertilizer in the next season crop.Long-term return of straw to the field can increase soil organic carbon content and improve soil physical and chemical properties.