| The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of high quality protein source and intestinal protectant on growth performance,serum immune index,organ index,intestinal tissue morphology,intestinal mucosal antioxidant capacity,expression of intestinal inflammatory factors and tight junction protein genes,and the structure of colon flora in weaned piglets.By optimizing the structure of diet to reduce the occurrence of weaning stress,we can provide reference for the healthy and efficient production of piglets in the era of no antibiotics.Ninety crossbred weaned piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)of similar weight(6.85±0.25 kg)at 21 days of age were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 10 piglets in each replicate.Weaned piglets were fed separately basic diet(CON group),high quality protein diet(HP group),high quality protein+intestinal protective agent diet(HPP group).The experiment lasted for 14 days.The results showed that:(1)Weaned piglets for 3 to 7 days,the average daily feed intake(ADFI)and average daily gain(ADG)of the HP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05).(2)Weaned piglets for 0 day,the serum IgA level in the HP group was significantly higher than that in the CON and HPP groups(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 7 days,the serum IgG level in the HP group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 14 days,the serum IgA content in HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05).(3)Weaned piglets for 7 days,the cardiac index in the HPP group was significantly higher than those in the CON and HP groups(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 14 days,the liver index in the HP group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 3 and 14 days,the spleen index in the HPP group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05).(4)Weaned piglets for 3 and 7 days,the length of jejunum and ileum in the HPP group were significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 14 days,the colon length of the HPP group was significantly longer than that of the CON group(P<0.05).(5)Weaned piglets for 3 days,the jejunum and ileum villus height and VH/CD of the HPP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05).The crypt depth of the HPP group was significantly lower than that of the CON group(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 7 days,the villus height of ileum in the HPP group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05),the crypts depth of jejunum and ileum in the HP and HPP groups were significantly lower than in the CON group(P<0.05),and VH/CD in the HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 14 days,the villus height and VH/CD of jejunum in the HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05).(6)Weaned piglets for 3 days,the jejunal GSH-PX content in the HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05),and the T-AOC content in the HP group was significantly higher than those in the CON and HP groups(P<0.05),the ileum SOD content in the HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05).Weaned piglets for 7 days,the jejunum and ileum SOD content in the HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05).Weaned piglets for 14 days,the jejunum SOD content in the HPP group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05),the jejunum and ileum MDA content in the HPP group were significantly lower than those in the CON and HP groups(P<0.05).(7)Weaned piglets for 0 day,the expression of TGF-? in the duodenal HPP group was significantly higher than those in the CON and HP groups(P<0.05),the expression of colon Claudin-1 in the HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than that in the CON Group(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 3 days,the expression of duodenum IL-1? in the HP group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05),the expression levels of TNF-?,TGF-?,and IL-10 in colon of HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than those of CON group(P<0.05),the ileum and colon Occludin,Claudin-1 and ZO-1 expression levels in the HPP group were significantly higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 7 days,the expression levels of TNF-? and IL-10 in the jejunum of HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05),the expression levels of IL-1? and TGF-? in the ileum of the HP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05),and the expressions levels of Occludin,Claudin-1 and ZO-1 in the HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05);Weaned piglets for 14 days,the expression levels of TNF-?,IL-1?,TGF-? and IL-10 in the jejunum of the HPP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05),the expression of TGF-? in the ileum of HP and HPP groups were significantly higher than that in the CON groups(P<0.05).(8)Compared with CON group,HP group and HPP group increased the richness and diversity of intestinal microflora of piglets at 0,3,7 and 14 days after weaning,and the intestinal microflora of HP group and HPP group were similar;For the intestinal microbe phylum analysis,the proportion of Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes phylum in HPP group was significantly higher than those in CON group and HP group at 7 days of weaning(P<0.05).At 7 and 14 days after weaning,the proportion of thick wall Firmicutes in the intestine of the HPP group was higher than those in the other two groups,while the proportion of Bacteroidetes was lower than those in the CON and HP groups(P>0.05).This study showed that weaning piglets fed with high-quality protein creep feed(HP group)and high-quality protein source+intestinal protectant(HPP group)creep feed could improve growth performance,enhance immune function,regulate the healthy development of piglets' intestinal tract and balance the structure of intestinal flora,among which the most effective group was HPP group. |
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