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Effects Of Film Mulching Methods On Growth Characteristics Of Forage Corn And Changes In Farmland Water Temperature In Cold And Arid Regions Of Northwest Hebei

Posted on:2021-02-18Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:Y A ZhouFull Text:PDF
GTID:2393330602491900Subject:Agriculture
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In order to promote the stable production,high yield and water use efficiency of forage corn in dry land,a randomized block trial design was adopted.Rain-fed and dry farming were performed in flat open cultivation(ck),flat land mulching,double ridge furrow film mulching,and film mulching under soil experimental studies on the effects of plant height,leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,soil moisture,soil temperature,yield,quality,and water use efficiency on forage corn.Below are key research findings.1.The effects of different mulching methods on the plant height of forage corn varied in different types of precipitation.In high-water years,the plant heights of forage corn in all mulching treatments were significantly higher than those in the open cultivation,and the treatments of flat land field mulching,double ridge furrow film mulching,and film mulching under soil treatment were increased by 17.24%,18.37%,and 9.91%,respectively,in the open field.Flat land mulching was no significant difference between the treatment with double ridge furrow film mulching,but both were significantly higher than film mulching under soil.Under low water years,the plant height of forage corn film mulching under soil treatment was significantly higher than that of flat open cultivation,which was an increase of 20.17%compared with that of flat open cultivation.There was no significant difference between the plant height of forage maize and the flat open cultivation with flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching.In plain water years,there was no significant difference between the plant height of the film-covered forage corn and the flat open cultivation,and the plant height of each treatment increased by only 1.69%-3.78%compared with the flat open cultivation.It showed that compared with the control,the film height of forage corn could be significantly increased by each mulching treatment;the plant height of film mulching under soil only was significantly increased;There was no significant difference in corn plant height and flat open cultivation.2.The performance of leaf area index varied with different mulching treatments in different precipitation years.In high-water years,the leaf area index of each mulching treatment was significantly higher than that of the flat open cultivation during the harvest period of forage corn.The treatments of flat land mulching,double ridge furrow film mulching and film mulching under soil were 34.98%,35.77%and 21.62%higher than the open field,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the treatments.In the years of water shortage,the leaf area index of film mulching under soil was significantly higher than that of flat open cultivation,and it was significantly higher than that of flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching.There was no significant difference between the treatment of flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching and flat open cultivation.There were no significant differences between treatments in flat water years.It showed that compared with the control,each mulching treatment of water-rich annual type could significantly increase the leaf area index of forage corn;under-water treatment only film mulching under soil could significantly increase the leaf area index of forage corn;There was no significant difference in leaf area index between plastic film treatment and flat open cultivation.3.The dynamics of dry matter accumulation in plants under different precipitation years and different mulching treatments showed logistic changes.In high water years and flat water years,the average growth rate of dry matter accumulation in double ridge furrow film mulching was the highest,1.60 and 2.05 times that of flat open cultivation,respectively,and the yield increased by 64.23%and 27.94%.In the year of insufficient water,the average growth rate of dry matter accumulation film mulching under soil was the highest,which was 2.09 times that of the flat open cultivation,and the theoretical yield increased by 64.58%.Plastic film mulch promoted the dry matter accumulation rate of forage corn,increased the theoretical yield of forage corn,and laid the foundation for high yield of forage corn.It showed that compared with the control,any type of precipitation could increase the dry matter accumulation growth rate and yield of forage corn.4.The mulching film has obvious warming effect.Before corn was ridged,the effect of warming with flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching was obvious,and the soil temperature of 10cm increased by 2.19? and 3.16?,respectively.The effect of film mulching under soil treatment on soil temperature was not significant,and the change of soil temperature was lower than other treatments.In one day,the temperature of the soil covered with flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching increased rapidly and the temperature increased rapidly,and the temperature of the soil covered with mulch film mulching under soil increased and decreased during a certain period of time.The effects of film mulching treatments on soil temperature were not significant after corn was ridged.Flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching provide suitable soil temperature conditions for forage corn,which is conducive to the growth and development of forage corn.Film mulching under soil can reduce the soil temperature variation.It showed that compared with the control,the flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching treatment provided accumulated temperature support for corn.5.There are differences in the effect of water retention and water retention by different mulching methods.The main water storage layer of the chestnut soil farmland in the meadow in the cold and semi-arid region of northwestern Hebei is 0-60cm.The soil water storage during the growth period is significantly affected by precipitation and field water consumption.Flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching have the function of timely and unstable precipitation stored in the soil and promote the infiltration of water.The average soil water storage increased by 9.06%-12.58%compared with the flat open cultivation.The annual effect is significant;the film mulching under soil has the effect of inhibiting water storage and soil surface evaporation and stabilizing water supply;it promotes the biomass accumulation in the middle growth period of corn,and the water retention effect is significant in low-water years.It was shown that,compared with the control,flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching provided moisture support to corn.6.Each mulching method improved the biomass yield and water use efficiency of forage corn to different degrees.The yield of double ridge furrow film mulching with forage corn is significantly higher than that of flat open cultivation in different rainfall years,the water-rich year,the flat-water year and the under-water year are increased by 46.22%,42.00%and 15.01%,and the water use efficiency is increased by 87.69%compared with the flat open cultivation,62.17%and 45.58%.Flat land mulching treatment significantly increased the yield of forage maize by 45.79%and 14.7%compared with the flat open cultivation in high water years and plain water years,and increased by 25.02%and 51.31%compared with the flat open cultivation.The yield of forage corn film mulching under soil was significantly higher than that in the flat open cultivation in the years of water shortage and flat water,which increased by 59.84%and 13.66%,respectively,and the water use efficiency increased by 81.72%and 15.18%.It shows that compared with the control,double ridge furrow film mulching in different precipitation years can significantly increase the yield and water use efficiency of forage maize,make full use of precipitation water resources,and achieve high and stable production.To sum up,the double ridge furrow film mulching film accumulation and precipitation has significantly improved the plant height,leaf area and dry matter accumulation of forage corn,and thus significantly improved the yield and water use efficiency of forage corn.The flat land mulching is inferior to double ridge furrow film mulching.Film mulching under soil has lower utilization rate of precipitation due to suppression of seepage under precipitation,and its effect is better than flat land mulching and double ridge furrow film mulching only in water-deficient years.
Keywords/Search Tags:film mulching method, forage maize, soil moisture, yield and quality
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