Research On Transcriptional Regulation Under Drought Stress In Major Crops By Integrating Multi-omics Analysis

With the successive generation of various "omics" technologies such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,etc.,it marks the arrival of the post-genomic era and provides prerequisites for a comprehensive understanding of biological systems and mechanisms.However,due to the complexity of the drought stress control mechanism,it is difficult to meet the increasingly high research expectations of system biology by simply studying a single omics data,so it is necessary to integrate multi-omics analysis to make up for the lack of a single omics or unreliable information.Starting from the multi-molecular level,systematically studying the interaction between genes,m RNA,protein and small molecules,revealing the molecular mechanism of crops responding to adversity stress,and providing new ideas for bioinformatics to assist molecular breeding of resistant crop varieties.This research is mainly based on the analysis of the association of students in different groups such as genome and transcriptome,transcriptome and proteome.Using RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis technology to determine the enrichment genes of major crops under drought stress.Using homology analysis,the drought-stressed enriched genes were integrated at the species level,and the mechanism of adversity regulation was explained from the perspective of systems biology.Using sequence-based analysis algorithms,predict the molecular biology and plant physiology characteristics of drought-resistant orthologous genes.Finally,based on the machine learning algorithm,the physiological and biochemical data of homologous genes are subjected to stress prediction modeling.The main work of the study is as follows:1)Through RNA-Seq data analysis technology,rice,corn and wheat were found to be enriched genes for stress regulation.The transcriptome analysis strategy of ginseng was used to mine RNA-seq data of drought-resistant major crops.Through differential expression analysis,GO and PATHWAY enrichment analysis,the enrichment of each gene regulated by drought was determined.2)Through gene sequence alignment analysis and evolutionary analysis,the crops are enriched with homologous genes,and the drought resistance mechanism is explained from the species level.Using sequence alignment analysis to screen sequences with high similarity,and combining the phylogenetic tree adjacency method algorithm,we finally determined that there are 232 orthologous genes,of which 58 genes are annotated to theKEGG database.The biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,amino acid metabolism,gene excision and repair functions,resistance regulation functions,and the integrated genes have a high degree of confidence.3)Using various sequence analysis algorithms,the physical and chemical properties and protein structure of the orthologous genes enriched in drought resistance were analyzed and predicted.Studies have shown that most homologous genes can be transcribed and translated into hydrophilic soluble proteins and non-transmembrane proteins;most of the genes are located in the nucleus,mitochondria,and cytoplasm;etc.;the secondary structure of the protein is predicted to be mainly due to alpha helix and random coil And most of the homologous gene proteins have a large proportion of random coil structures.These predictions can help to elucidate the phenotypic function of drought-resistant orthologous genes and provide data support for molecular breeding.4)The machine learning algorithm is used to predict and model the physiological and biochemical data of crop homologous genes.Through comparison of various model algorithms,the decision tree algorithm has the best effect and the accuracy reaches 95.65%.The selection decision tree algorithm can model the biological data of crop drought resistance based on sequence analysis and predict the enrichment phenotype of genes involved in drought resistance regulation.Through the integrated analysis of multi-omics,the relationship between the mechanism of major crops in response to drought stress and the genes of the metabolic regulatory network genes was explained from the perspective of systems biology.The genes that responded to adversity were transcribed into m RNA and then translated into proteins.Multi-level cooperation in molecular biology that forms metabolites,explains the expression patterns and pathways of key functional genes,provides bioinformatics support for crop stress resistance molecular breeding research,and provides stress resistance biochemistry and plant physiology research The support of the data,the use of this model to assist in the identification of stress-resistant genes,to a certain extent,improve the screening time of stress-resistant varieties,has a positive effect on the study of drought resistance mechanisms.