Functional Analysis Of 66 Sets Of Duplicated Genes In Fusarium Graminearum

Wheat scab(Fusarium head blight,FHB)is one of the most important diseases endangering the production of wheats which is mainly harmful to wheat,barley,rye and rice.The main pathogen of wheat scab is Fusarium graminearum compound species.In addition to reducing grain yield,the pathogenic bacteria in the infected plant,such as monosporenene compound and zearalenone,also have serious threat to food safety and human and animal health.Gene duplication and subsequent function differentiation is one of the "source power" of genome evolution.It is the main reason for the generation and maintenance of the complexity of the organism,the new function of the gene and the evolution of the new species,which plays an important role in the evolutionary process of the organism.In order to survive in natural survival,in order to maintain the genome,the multiple copies of genes generally avoid functional redundancy,or jointly exercise the biological function of ancestral genes(sub-functionalization)through division of labor,or some genes derive new biological functions(neo-functionalization).The redundant process of redundant functions has important significance in the evolution of duplicated genes.However,what kind of functional differentiation mode is used for duplicated genes to achieve synergistic division of labor or to derive new functions,or continue to retain redundant functions in a fairly long period of evolution,to this point.There is little understanding of the mechanism.Therefore,studying the pattern of functional differentiation of duplicated genes is of great significance for understanding the origin of new genes and the evolutionary process of living organisms adapting to the environment.Through bioinformatics comparison,we identified genes that were single copied in the mode fungi Saccharomyces cerevisiae,butwere duplicated in the genome of Fusarium graminearum,there were 66 sets of duplicated genes,154 genes in total,and the biological function was identified and analyzed by the target gene deletion strategy.By using PCR fusion method,we successfully constructed the knockout vectors of these 154 genes and successfully obtained the knockout transformants of 87 genes by using PEG mediated protoplast transformation.We have carried out a series of biological phenotypic measurements of the 87 gene knockout mutants,including colony morphology,growth rates,pathogenicity,conidation..On the basis of collecting mass biological phenotypic data,this paper mainly studied 8 groups of 16 genes.Among them,the results of biological phenotypes showed that,compared with the wild type GZ3639,there was no difference in colony morphology between thedeletion mutant and 3 deletion mutants in the complete PDA medium,but the growth rate of 3 deletionmutants was accelerated;at the same time,the growth rate of 3 deletion mutants was accelerated.The growth rate of 1 knockout mutants in the medium was accelerated,and in plant pathogenicity detection,the pathogenicity of 6 knockout mutants was found to be reducedin the flowering wheat heads,and 9 knockout mutants found in the non host plant tomatoes were found to be reduced,and 11 knockout mutants were found to dispay defects in conidation,indicating that these duplicatedgenesmay play crucial roles in fungal development and pathogenesis in F.graminearum.Based on current research,further analysis of the functional divergence and its molecular bases of duplicated genes in F.graminearum and elucidate evolutionary mechanism of these duplicated genes selected from this study in the adaption to the environmental conditions and hosts as well as the regulating mechanisms of these duplicatedgenes in fungal development and pathogenicity.Results of this our study will provide molecular targets for novel fungicides development and scientific basis for strategy of controlling wheat head blight and of reducing mycotoxin contamination.