The Study Of Water And Fertilizer Integration Technology On Apple Cultivation In Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province

The experiment has been started in a demonstration apple park in Liangzai,Feng Xian,Jiangshu province in 2016,and repeated the confirmatory test in 2017.The experiment adopted the variety of tree 'Yantai fuji No.10'(Malus × domestica)which grafted on the dwarfed rootstock M9-T337.The trees are five years old.The trees are healthy and have similar growth vigor.The apple trees were thin spindle-shaped,and between the tree rows the grass variety Rye grass was planted.Compared with traditional fertilization,standard facilities,the effects of fertilization amount,frequency of fertilization,and fertilization types on the growth,mineral element absorption,fruit yield and quality of apple were studied under the conditions of water and fertilizer integration.The ten tests,i.e.fertilizer amount,tradition standard,80%,70%and 50%,primary fertilization at 20 days and 15 days,and different apply fertilizer of 'Baiyide','Woye' and 'Fudimeishi',have been designed with conventional acupuncture as a control.The Results as follows:1.Compared with traditional fertilization,water and fertilizer integration technology can increase plant growth potential and can save more than 30%of fertilizer use.In a certain range,the plant growth potential at the same frequency of fertilization increased with the increase of fertilization amount,and the plant growth potential of the same fertilization amount increased with the increase of fertilization frequency.The dry perimeter growth,leaf area index,number of flower buds,and differentiation rate increase by 4%to 20%when self-fertilizer was compared with other brand fertilizers,but the growth rate of plant height was 7%lower than fertilizer brand 'Baiyide',and the amount of new shoot growth was 20%lower than 'Baiyide'.2.Compared with traditional fertilization,the integrated treatment of water and fertilizer increased 20%to 45%in appearance and intrinsic quality,such as yield,fruit weight,fruit shape index,vitamin C content and soluble solids content(SSC).The fruit appearance,intrinsic quality,and yield were positive related to the amount of fertilization and fertilization frequency.The self-fertilizer in this experiment was 10%?30%higher in fruit weight and yield than other brand fertilizers,and the branded fertilizer 'Baiyide' was higher in Vc content than other water soluble fertilizers from 6%to 15%.The brand fertilizer 'Woye' increased by 4%in the fruit shape index than other fertilizers.3.Compared to the traditional fertilization,the water and fertilizer integration improved the content of N,K,mineral content of Ca,Cu in apple fruits.The contents of N,P,K in apple fruits treated by the conventional fertilization lower than those treated integrated fertilizers.Increasing the total amount of fertilizer or the frequency of fertilization can increase the mineral element content in the apple fruits.In summary,according to our experiments,the optimum fertilization for apple cultivation in Xuzhou of Jiangsu is that a standard administration amount of fertilizers applied one time for every 15 days in the growing season.