Study On Manganese Nutrition Of Sows And Piglets With Different Manganese Sources And Addition Levels

Manganese plays an important role in animal material metabolism,immunity,reproduction,etc.It is one of the indispensable trace elements in life activities such as animal growth and reproduction,and plays an important role in the entire body’s metabolic process.The purpose of this project is to investigate the effects of adding different levels of manganese methionine（Mn-Met）and manganese sulfate（MnSO₄）to the growth performance,immune function,and antioxidant capacity of sows in late pregnancy and lactation,as well as piglets.The trial was divided into two stages,pregnancy and lactation.A total of 48“long×large”binary cross-bred sows with good physical condition,80 days of gestation and 3 to 4parities were randomly divided into 6 groups.Test group 1 is a control group,fed with basic diet（without manganese source）;test group 2 is added with 15 mg/kg MnSO₄;test group 3 is added with 10.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+4.5 mg/kg Mn-Met;test group 4 add 7.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+7.5mg/kg Mn-Met;test group 5 add 4.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+10.5 mg/kg Mn-Met;test group 6 add 25mg/kg MnSO₄（calculated based on manganese content）.There were eight replicates in each group,with one sow each.Changes in sow’s body condition,colostrum composition and blood physiological and biochemical indicators,piglet growth and development,blood and tissue physiological and biochemical indicators and related tissue manganese deposition were determined.The trial was divided into two stages,pregnancy and lactation.The trial period was divided into a pretest period of 5 days,a pregnancy period of 34 days,and a lactation period of 21 days.The test results show that different sources and levels of Mn have no significant effect on the back fat thickness of sows during gestation and lactation,but significantly increase the average body weight of piglets at 0,7,14 days and the organ index of heart and liver（P<0.05）.The addition of Mn in the diet significantly increased the levels of TP,ALB,TCHO,T-SOD,and Mn-SOD in the serum of pregnant and lactating sows（P<0.05）;significantly reduced the levels of MDA in serum（P<0.05）);Significantly increased the content of ALP in the serum of newborn and 21-day-old piglets,and the changes of TP,ALB and TCHO,MDA,T-SOD and Mn-SOD were consistent with sows,with 4.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+10.5 mg/kg Mn-Met.The treatment group had the most significant change（P<0.05）.In addition,the addition of 4.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+10.5 mg/kg Mn-Met and the addition of 25 mg/kg MnSO₄significantly increased the Mn-SOD activity in the heart and liver of 21-day-old piglets（P<0.05）.The addition of manganese to the diet significantly increased the antioxidant capacity of sows（gestation and lactation）and piglets（primary and weaned）.The addition of 7.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+7.5 mg/kg Mn-Met,4.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+10.5 mg/kg Mn-Met,and 25 mg/kg MnSO4 in the diet significantly increased the Mn deposition in the cheekbones of newborn piglets（P<0.05）.Dietary supplementation of d ifferent sources and levels of Mn significantly increased the deposition of Mn in the heart and liver of newborn piglets,with the highest content in the 4.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+10.5 mg/kg Mn-Met group（P<0.05）.The middle Mn level also showed an upward trend（0.05<P<0.1）.Different sources and levels of Mn had no significant effect on sow’s colostrum,10-day regular milk,and21-day regular milk.The addition of manganese in the diet significantly increased the Mn deposition in the metatarsal,heart and liver of newborn piglets.The addition of 4.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+10.5 mg/kg Mn-Met and 25 mg/kg MnSO₄ in the diet significantly increased the IgG,IgA,and IgM contents in colostrum（P<0.05）.The addition of7.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+7.5 mg/kg Mn-Met,4.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+10.5 mg/kg Mn-Met and 25 mg/kg MnSO₄ in the diet significantly increased the IgG content in the serum of newborn piglets.Upward trend（0.05<P<0.1）.In summary,the addition of Mn to the diet can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity of sows during pregnancy and lactation,and can affect piglets;the addition of Mn to the diet of sows can significantly increase the piglet’s average body weight at 0,7,14 days The deposition ability of Mn and Mn is beneficial to the improvement of piglet’s antioxidant capacity and immunity.The combined effect of organic Mn and inorganic Mn is better than using inorganic Mn alone,and the high-level addition group is better than the low-level addition group.In this test,Adding 4.5 mg/kg MnSO₄+10.5 mg/kg Mn-Met had the best effect.