Effects Of Covering Different Amounts Of Long Wheat Straw On Soil Growth And Soil Properties In Protected Paddy Soil

With the rapid development of facility vegetable specialization,the concentration of land resources and crop production areas,excessive application of fertilizers in the facility,and insufficient rainwater leaching,resulting in soil compaction in the facility,serious salinization,reduced crop yields,serious pests and serious It restricts the sustainable ecological development of the facility vegetable industry.Wheat straw is rich in nutrients such as carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.Returning straw to the field has become a simple and practical way of straw utilization.Zhang Lu conducted experiments with 500-1000 kg/mu of wheat long straw in the greenhouse.The decomposition rate of wheat straw was significantly higher than that of open field.The yield of vegetables in the season was appropriately increased,and the effect of increasing the total organic carbon content of the soil was better.Xie Mengwei covered long rice straw at 1500 kg/mu.Studies have shown that increasing straw coverage can still have a higher rate of decomposition,and has a better effect on vegetable yield and soil properties.Therefore,in this study,the facility water and drought wheel was used as the background to increase the amount of wheat straw coverage.According to the two coverages of 1500 kg/mu and 2500 kg/mu,the long wheat straw was evenly covered on the soil surface from one section and two sections.Carry out field verification experiments,on the premise of greater crop yields and soil fertility,seek more suitable wheat straw coverage,improve straw resource utilization efficiency,and better promote agricultural green development.The main results are as follows:1.Soil surface covering 2500 kg/mu and 1500 kg/mu wheat straw for planting water spinach in summer and autumn:one-time feeding,three-time feeding and additional application of nitrogen fertilizer to adjust the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio,three experiments found 111 d,207 d and The decay rates of 139 d were 62.91%and 67.48%,67.02%and 70.33%,67.78%and 68.15%respectively;under the condition of equal amount of fertilization,the yields of the two treatments were 1.46%and 7.46%,19.34%and 19.69 respectively compared with the control.52.53%and 55.48%,achieved a good yield increase effect;part of the quality of the treated plant products improved;the total organic carbon content of the soil after planting treatment increased compared with the control,the soil available phosphorus and potassium content increased for the first time,although the second The decrease was less than the control,and the third 2500 kg/mu coverage increased;the enzyme activity improved slightly.2.After the soil surface is covered with 2500 kg/mu and 1500 kg/mu wheat stalks,pakchoi and lettuce are planted in winter:treatment with reduced phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and extended dry farming period,respectively,after two trials after the first and third trials In the original plastic box,two experiments found that the two treatments increased the yield by 0.82%and 16.92%,45.51%and 65.59%respectively compared with the control;the plant product quality was improved;the soil organic carbon content after planting increased in the first dry farming,the first Although the decrease in the second dry farming was less than the control;the increase in soil nitrate nitrogen treatment was lower than that in the control,and the content of soil available phosphorus and potassium increased in both treatments to improve enzyme activity.3.Field simulation test after the simulation test of the cultivation box:May-December 2019,the soil surface in the greenhouse was covered with wheat long straw 12500 kg/mu and 750 kg/mu and planted Hubei green stem taro:the decay rate reached 93.70%With 95.92%,the output of Hubei green stem taro increased by 92.84%and 75.3%compared with the control.The total organic carbon content of both treatments increased compared with the control,and the enzyme activity also improved to varying degrees..In summary,under the high temperature and high humidity environment,the soil surface covering 2500 kg/mu and 1500 kg/mu of wheat long straw still has a high rate of decay,reaching 60-70%;reducing phosphorus during the dry season in the latter season The application of potassium fertilizer still has a good effect on the yield and quality of dry farming vegetables and soil properties;in summer and autumn,the input of long wheat stalks and the addition of nitrogen fertilizers to adjust the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio,the vegetable yield treatment is higher than the control,all effectively avoid the phenomenon of nitrogen competition.The soil surface covered with long wheat straws improves the total yield and quality of vegetables,reduces soil nitrate nitrogen content,improves soil fertility,and achieves the purpose of replacing organic fertilizers with biological straws.