Research On Ecological Environment Security In Transgenic G2-EPSPS And GAT Bivalent Genes Soybean

Transgenic technology can effectively solve the breeding barrier of distant species incompatibility and change the traits of crops according to people's wishes.Genetically modified crops have developed rapidly in foreign countries for many years.The popularization of genetically modified crops has affected the world agricultural planting pattern,promoted the modern and new agriculture,and created great economic benefits and social values for the whole human society.The global rapid development of genetically modified crops,and its impact on the safety of the environment has become a hot topic of concern.China is one of the origin countries of soybean and the largest consumer of soybean in the world.However,in the face of the national conditions of more people and less land in China,coupled with the low yield of conventional soybean varieties,high planting cost,and the difficulty in preventing diseases and insect pests seriously hit the enthusiasm of farmers in planting,resulting in a sharp decline in the planting area of soybean in China.At present,China's soybean self-sufficiency rate is only 15%,and nearly 100 million tons of soybeans need to be imported every year.The contradiction between soybean supply and demand in China is becoming increasingly prominent,and the dependence on imported soybeans is urgently needed.The use of transgenic technology to develop transgenic soybeans with independent intellectual property rights can reduce the use of labor,reduce the use of pesticides,and ease the dependence on imported soybeans.The in-depth study on the environmental safety of transgenic soybean is the basis of the commercial development of transgenic soybean in China,which provides strong data support for the future development of transgenic soybean industry in China and has important theoretical and practical significance.This experiment uses the transgenic G2-EPSPS and GAT bivalent gene glyphosate-resistant transgenic soybean GE-J16 and the recipient soybean Jack as research materials independently developed by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The effects of transgenic soybean cultivation land,wasteland and plant survival competiti veness were systematically studied by biological test.Effects of transgenic soybean on arthropod diversity in field;Degradation of EPSPS protein of transgenic soybean in soil and its effect on soil microorganism and enzyme activity.It provides scientific reference for environmental safety risk assessment of transgenic soybean and scientific support for commercial development of transgenic soybean in China.The main research results are as follows:1.Under the planting conditions,the growth trends of transgenic soybean GE-J16,recipient soybean Jack and local main soybean ZH37 in different periods were consistent,but there was no significant difference.There is no competitive advantage in the planting of transgenic soybean compared with conventional soybea n varieties,and there is no threat to plunder the living space.2.Under the conditions of wasteland planting,there was no significant difference in the types and density of weeds between the on-demand and broadcast genetically modified soybean GE-J16 and the recipient soybean Jack and the local main soybean ZH37 test area.Moreover,the weed growth in wasteland was in an absolute advantage,and the weeds in the later test area were completely covered,the soybean growth was seriously inhibited,and the se ed rate was very low.There is little possibility that transgenic soybean or conventional soybean can be derived into weeds through natural breeding,and it does not have the potential of weedability.3.The genetically modified soybean GE-J16 has no significant effect on the diversity of arthropods in the field,which is consistent with the diversity index,uniformity index,dominant concentration index and species richness of conventional soybean varieties.4.The degradation rate of EPSPS protein in the transgenic soybean GE-J16 plant in the soil showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the degradation rate in the later period was slow.After 70 days of burying in the soil,the EPSPS protein residues in the samples have been completely degraded.5.During the investigation period of 0-90 days,the degradation of EPSPS protein of transgenic soybean ge-j16 had no significant effect on the number of culturable microbial community in the soil,and the number of culturable fungi,actinomyces a nd bacteria in the soil was not significantly different from that of conventional soybean.6.During the investigation period of 0-90 days,the dynamic change trend of soil enzyme activities of transgenic soybean ge-j16 and conventional soybean was consistent,and the degradation of EPSPS protein had no significant effect on soil urease,invertase and dehydrogenase activities.