Introduction And Quality Characteristics Analysis Of Chenopodium Quinoa Willd In Liangshan,Sichuan Province

Chenopodium quinoa willd.,an annual dicotyledonous plant of Chenopodiaceae,is popular with consumers because of its outstanding nutritional value and health care function.It is widely used as a complete nutrition pseudocereal in the world.In order to lay a foundation for the development of quinoa industry,it is necessary to fully consider the adaptability and quality characteristics of varieties in the region of introduction.At present,one of the important reasons that restrict the income increase of tobacco farmers in Liangshan of Sichuan Province is the lack of rotation crops matching with tobacco.To study the introduction and quality characteristics of quinoa in Liangshan tobacco area,Sichuan Province,and to plant it as a supporting crop of tobacco,is based on the practical requirements of promoting the income of tobacco farmers.In this study,five domestic certified quinoa varieties were selected to be introduced into Liangshan,Sichuan Province.Through observing the growth and maturity of quinoa,the feasibility of planting quinoa in the tobacco area of Liangshan,Sichuan Province was explored.At the same time,the main nutritional components,active component content,in vitro antioxidant activity and?-glucosidase inhibitory activity of quinoa from Sichuan and other areas were studied,and the quality differences between Sichuan and other areas were explored and the correlation between components and activity was analyzed.The main results are as follows:?1?All the tested quinoa can grow normally in the tobacco area of Liangshan,Sichuan Province.Among them,the variety mengjian 1 has better field performance:growth period is 118 d,plant height is 180.4 cm,main ear length is 46.2 cm,effective branch number is 12,TKW?Thousand Kernel Weight?is 3.14 g,and the maximum yield is 1300 kg/hm².A quinoa variety with good planting feasibility in Liangshan tobacco area of Sichuan Province was selected.?2?The results showed that the carbohydrate content of quinoa was 74.64±0.26 g/100g.Among them,the content of amylopectin is 61.07±0.21 g/100g,amylose is 12.42±0.10 g/100g,protein is15.17±0.45 g/100g,crude fat is 5.7±0.14 g/100g,ash is 4.5±0.14 g/100g,squalene is 2.01±0.01 mg/g,total polyphenol,flavone,saponin and polysaccharide are 2.57±0.03 mg?GAE?/g,1.64±0.07 mg?QE?/g,respectively 19.36±0.45 mg?OAE?/g?28.64±0.07 mg?GE?/g.18 kinds of amino acids and 9 kinds of fatty acids were detected from quinoa seeds.The total content of amino acids was 8.9%?11.0%,and the content of unsaturated fatty acids was 77.3%?81.1%.The highest content of essential fatty acids?linoleic acid and?-linolenic acid?was 59.82%and 7.67%,respectively.Compared with other regions,Chenopodium from Sichuan Province has higher protein,lower fat,more ash,higher amylopectin content,easier ripening,higher content of unsaturated fatty acids and total polyphenols,total flavonoids,total saponins,total polysaccharides and other active components.?3?The results showed that the scavenging ability of Chenopodium on DPPH·?ABTS·?O^2-·and?-glucosidase was significantly higher in Sichuan than in other regions,which were 1.79±0.05 mg QE/g and 1.97±0.01 mg QE/g,and 2.84±0.19 mg QE/g in Gansu.The inhibitory activity of quinoa on?-glucosidase was 55.55±0.81 mg QE/g,which was weaker than that of Chenopodium from Tibet?55.87±1.5mg QE/g?and significantly stronger than that of other regions.The results of correlation analysis showed that the content of total flavonoids,total polyphenols and total polysaccharides in quinoa had a significant positive correlation with their in vitro antioxidant activity,the correlation coefficient between the content of total flavonoids and total polyphenols and in vitro antioxidant activity was the largest,and the contribution rate was the highest;the content of total polyphenols,total flavonoids and total polysaccharides had a significant positive correlation with?-glucosidase inhibition activity,and the content of total flavonoids and?-glucosidase had a significant positive correlation The correlation coefficient of glucosidase inhibition activity is the most important factor.