Identification Of Characteristic Components And Establishment Of HPLC Fingerprints In Safflower Honey And Gallnut Honey

Honey is a natural food,which is rich in nutrients such as polyphenols,vitamins,enzymes,sugars,etc.These substances constitute the diversity of its biological and pharmacological activities.This paper studies two kinds of Chinese herbal honey unique to our country,Xinjiang safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.)honey and gallnut(Rhus chinensis Mill.)honey,analyzes its phytochemical compoundsEnrichment of phytochemical compounds in in Xinjiang safflower honey and gallnut honey by SPE solid phase extraction,using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC-PDA),high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).11 components were identified in Xinjiang safflower honey and were detected in 9 raw safflower honey samples,including 4-hydroxybenzoic acid,p-hydroxybenzaldehyde,syringaldehyde,p-coumaric acid,riboflavin,lumiflavine,lumichrome and four p-constituents.Content of syringaldehyde is the highest,ranging from 2085.35 to 5208.69?g/100 g,and the average content is 3894.19?g/100 g.Therefore,syringaldehyde is regarded as the representative component of Xinjiang safflower honey.The content of lumichrome and lumiflavine in safflower honey is also higher,with average contents of 3396.41?g/100 g and 2332.26?g/100 g,respectively.The fingerprint of Xinjiang safflower nectar was constructed by the traditional Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprint software.The similarity between the generated standard fingerprint and the safflower honey samples ranged from 0.81 to 0.93,indicating that the samples were relatively consistent.Seven components were identified in gallnut honey and detected in 9 raw gallnut honey samples,including benzoic acid,phaseate acid,lumiflavine,trans,trans-abscisic acid,cis,trans-abscisic acid,lumichrome and rhusin.Since rhusin only exists in gallnut honey,we named it rhusin as the representative compound of gallnut honey,and its content ranges from 101.20~299.53?g/100 g,the average content is 189.36?g/100 g.The fingerprint of gallnut honey was constructed by the traditional Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprint software.The similarity between the generated standard fingerprint and the safflower nectar samples ranged from 0.93 to 0.98,indicating a high similarity between the samples.We identified p-coumaroylspermidine and rhusin in for the first time in honey,and found that riboflavin,lumiflavine,lumichrome were present in honey at the same time.At the same time,we think that the bright yellow color of honey may be related to riboflavin,lumiflavine and lumichrome.The authenticity evaluation of 4 brands Xinjiang safflower honey and 5 brands gallnut honey shows that the quality of two-commercial honey in the market was uneven.Among the 4 Xinjiang safflower commercial honey samples,one brand is real safflower honey,one brand is safflower honey mixed with other varieties of honey,one brand is impersonated by other varieties of honey,and one brand is pure syrup.5 gallnut commercial honey samples have only one sample from pure source of gallnut honey,one brand is mixed with rapeseed honey,one brand is mixed by other varieties of honey,2 brands are mixed with syrup.