Effects Of Drip Irrigation Under Film On Hydrothermal Effect And Yield And Quality Of Potato In Dry Land

Dry farming occupies an important position in China's agricultural production.Arid and semi-arid areas have low rainfall,large evaporation,and low heat energy utilization rate are the bottleneck problems restricting agricultural production in drylands.Hot spot.In this paper,the "Jizhangshu 12"potato variety was used as the test material,and the random block test design was used.A total of film-coated drip irrigation(FD),film-coated non-drip irrigation(FND),film-uncoated drip irrigation(NFD)and film uncoated Membrane non-drip irrigation(CK)four treatments,measuring soil moisture,soil temperature,growth characteristics and yield components at various stages of potato growth period,to explore the mechanism of efficient use of natural rainfall and solar radiation to increase potato yield under drip irrigation under film.The results show:(1)Drip irrigation under film can make full use of natural rainfall to increase soil moisture.During the potato growing period,the average soil moisture content of the film-covered drip irrigation was 16.54%,which was 19.64%higher than that of the film-less drip irrigation.Compared with no drip irrigation,the soil water content of drip irrigation is increased by 16.46%,and that of mulched film is increased by 3.35%compared with that without mulched film.Moisture-increasing times of mulched drip irrigation was 97.50%,which had the effect of increasing moisture,and moisture-free times of mulching without drip irrigation was 57.50%,which had the effect of reducing moisture.The water consumption under the film-covered condition was 542.18mm,a decrease of 4.49%compared with the non-covered film.The water consumption under the drip irrigation condition was 631.81mm,an increase of 32.48%compared to the non-drip irrigation.Film mulching reduces water evaporation and improves soil water use efficiency.Drip irrigation increases soil water and promotes potato growth.(2)Drip irrigation under the film improves the effective accumulated temperature during the growing period of potato and optimizes the soil water and heat environment.The daily average soil temperature of plastic film drip irrigation was 20.30?,which was significantly higher than other treatments,and increased by 9.05%compared with non-film drip irrigation.During the day,the soil temperature showed an exponential decrease with the increase of soil depth,and the curve fitting degree was high.The R2 range was between 0.964-0.997.The surface(0-5cm)soil temperature changed more drastically than the deep layer.Film-covered drip irrigation effectively increased the soil temperature of each soil layer,and significantly increased the soil temperature of the arable layer(0-10cm)compared with the film-less drip irrigation.The temperature-increasing times of plastic film drip irrigation during the growing period of potato is 85%,which has a temperature-increasing effect.The effective accumulated temperature of the soil is 1408.65?,which is an increase of 18.77%compared with no mulching and drip irrigation.The utilization efficiency of accumulated temperature is 26.14kg·(hm2·?)-1,which is an increase of 75.50%.Film drip irrigation optimizes the soil water and heat environment and promotes plant growth and development.(3)Drip irrigation under the film efficiently uses soil moisture and improves potato yield.Under the condition of mulch drip irrigation,the soil moisture content during the whole growth period was 16.54%,and the soil temperature was 20.30?,which were 19.64%and 9.05%higher than those without mulching and drip irrigation,respectively.Plant height and crown width increased by 3.31%and 8.86%.The dry matter accumulation of roots,stems,leaves and tubers increased by 20.74%,6.57%,2.79%,40.61%,and the moisture content of stems,leaves and tubers increased by 3.18%,0.08%,and 2.00%,laying the foundation for yield formation.The output of film-covered drip irrigation is 36821.77kg·hm-2,which is 1.09 times higher than that of non-film-covered and non-drip irrigation,the net income is increased by 1.29 times,the production-investment ratio is increased by 9.40 percentage points,and the water use efficiency is increased by 65.04%Irrigation production efficiency increased by 33.65%.Plastic film drip irrigation makes efficient use of soil water,provides a good water and heat environment for potato growth and development,promotes potato growth and development,and improves yield.(4)Drip irrigation under film reduces drought stress and improves potato nutritional quality.Under film-covered drip irrigation,the contents of dry matter,starch,and VC in potato tubers increased by 13.71%,1.72%,and 5.26%,respectively,compared with no film and drip irrigation,which improved the nutritional quality of potatoes;reducing sugar,malondialdehyde,candied The contents of lysine,soluble protein and soluble sugar were reduced by 36.76%,16.36%,362%,11.23%and 16.02%,respectively,which effectively protected the growth and development of potato in adversity;polyphenol oxidase,peroxidase,cellulose The enzyme activity was reduced by 40.91%,123%,and 50.42%,and the catalase activity was increased by 178%,which reduced the degree of potato browning.Drip irrigation under the film reduces the stress of potato drought stress,reduces the degree of cell poisoning,prolongs the senescence of potato tubers,and improves the quality of potatoes.