Design And Research On Canopy Shaking Harvester For Camellia Fruit

With the country's vigorous development of the woody camellia industry,the scale of Camellia oleifera cultivation has gradually grown,but because of the characteristics of flowers and fruits during the same period,the degree of mechanized harvesting of camellia is still low,and it still depends entirely on manual harvesting.Aiming at the current situation of Camellia oleifera mechanical harvesting,this paper aims to improve the efficiency of Camellia oleifera mechanical harvesting operations and reduce the rate of flower bud damage.The basic physical characteristics of Camellia oleifera are studied,and a three-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of Camellia oleifera is established.The simulation finally designed a vibration harvesting device for camellia canopy.The main research contents of the paper are as follows:1.The research on the basic physical characteristics of Camellia oleifera has been carried out to provide basic data for the vibration harvesting device of Camellia oleifera.The plant characteristics of Camellia oleifera from "Changlin" series were investigated,and the distribution characteristics of Camellia oleifera and flower buds were counted.It was found that Camellia oleifera can be divided into three types:erect,open,and spherical.Peripheral;tested the detachment force of 5 varieties of Camellia oleifera and flower buds,and found that the average value of the vertical detachment force of Camellia oleifera fruit is smaller than the average value of its horizontal detachment force,while the average value of the vertical detachment force of Camellia oleifera fruit is larger than the average detachment force of its bud The branch density and elastic modulus of Camellia oleifera were measured2.The research on the vibration harvesting mechanism of Camellia oleifera canopy was carried out to provide theoretical basis for designing the vibration harvesting device of Camellia oleifera canopy.In order to analyze the vibration characteristics of Camellia oleifera,the trunk and canopy on both sides of Camellia oleifera were simplified as a mass-elastic element system,and a three-degree-of-freedom system dynamic model of Camellia oleifera was established.The parameters of three sample trees of different tree shapes were substituted into the model and solved.The corresponding natural frequencies were found;a three-dimensional model of three sample trees was built using Solidworks,and modal analysis and harmonious response analysis were performed through ANSYS Workbench.The calculation results of the kinetic model are similar;the modal test of the Camellia oleifera sample tree shows that the natural frequencies obtained are basically consistent with the natural frequency results obtained by the simulation analysis,and the error is relatively small.Reliability of the finite element model;The results of research on the mechanism of harvesting of the camellia canopy vibration show that the tree body can obtain a higher dynamic response under low frequency excitation,and the same excitation frequency can be used for three different tree shape camellia trees To implement canopy vibration harvesting3.Based on the results of the study on the physical characteristics and kinetic analysis of Camellia oleifera,this paper designs a Camellia canopy vibration-excitation picking device.The kinematic analysis and structural design of the crank-slider mechanism assembly in the vibration-excitation device are determined to determine the influence of the excitation force The main factors are crank length and rotation speed;in order to test the vibration harvesting effect under different crank lengths,a plurality of mounting holes at different positions are arranged on the disc to replace crank structures of different lengths;a certain rigidity is designed for the tree body Hitting rod with small damage was designed.The finger bar assembly was designed,and the vibration excitation device was simulated using Adams software.The simulation curves of displacement,speed and acceleration of the finger bar were obtained,and the camellia fruit vibration device was verified.Reasonable design.4.The processing and assembly of the prototype of the Camellia oleifera canopy excitation device was completed,and field tests were conducted to verify its harvesting effect and bud damage.The canopy excitation device prototype was used to perform orthogonal harvesting tests on three typical tree-shaped Camellia oleifera trees to determine the primary and secondary order of the main factors affecting the working performance of the excitation device,namely high crank speed and large reciprocating stroke and long time Continuous vibration will improve the harvesting effect of Camellia oleifera,but the damage to the buds will also be significantly increased.Considering the comprehensive combination of parameters,the crankshaft rotation speed is 360r/min,the reciprocating stroke of the finger bar is 80mm,and the continuous vibration time is 8s.Application of ripening agent and vibration harvesting test of Camellia oleifera fruit,the results show that the application of ripening agent can significantly reduce the detachment force of Camellia oleifera fruit,and significantly improve the harvesting effect of Camellia oleifera;The harvesting test of the Camellia oleifera tree vibration showed that when the walking speed of the harvester is 0.3m/s,the motor speed of the excitation device is 360r/min,and the reciprocating stroke of the finger bar is 80mm,the harvesting effect of Camellia oleifera is obvious.