Current Situation,Existing Problems And Countermeasure Suggestions Of Fertilizer Utilization In Anhui Province

Fertilizer is important agricultural production material,it is grain's "grain".AnHui province is an important agricultural province in China.The output of grain,cotton and oil ranks among the top in China.It is of great significance to study the current situation of fertilizer application in Anhui province,analyze the existing problems and put forward countermeasures,so as to reduce the amount of fertilizer application in Anhui province and stabilize the road of green and sustainable development of agriculture.Based on the investigation data of fertilizer use in Anhui province organized by the soil fertilizer station from 2016 to 2018,as well as the data of China statistical yearbook and Anhui statistical yearbook,this paper studies the fertilization situation and its influencing factors in different regions,different crops and different agricultural operators in Anhui province.The main conclusions are as follows:1.Since Reform and Opening,the fertilizer application in Anhui province has maintained an overall trend of rising,and the ratio of nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer has been adjusted from 1:0.42:0.45 in 2016 to 1:0.40:0.44 in 2018.The proportion of compound fertilizers in the total amount of fertilizer application increased significantly,from 25.37 percent in 1998 to 48.9 percent in 2017.2.The amount of fertilizer applied in different areas of Anhui province is obviously different.From 2010 to 2018,among the four fertilization zones divided by Anhui soil fertilizer station,the total amount of fertilizer applied in Huaibei region was relatively large,accounting for about 43%of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole province,followed by the region between Jianghuai region,accounting for about 35%.Along the river area,Jiangnan area chemical fertilizer application total amount accounts for about 10%.From 2016 to 2018,the fertilizer application intensity in key areas such as the Yangtze river(Anhui)economic belt,Chaohu lake region,and Huaihe river ecological economic belt(Anhui section)showed a trend of decline.3.In 2018,the application intensity of crop fertilizer in Anhui province was 22.83kg/667m2,0.4kg less than that in 2017,or 1.7%less than that in 2017.Compared with 2016,the decrease was 1.28kg,or 5.3%.According to the intensity of fertilizer application,the order is fruit tree>vegetable>cotton>wheat>corn>rice>tea>rape>potato>beans.4.The difference of fertilization among different agricultural operators is obvious.From 2016 to 2018,the average amount of fertilizer used by various agricultural operators in Anhui province was 23.12kg/667m2 for ordinary farmers,23.87kg/667m2 for large farmers,24.00kg/667m2 for family farms,and 25.08kg/667m2 for specialized cooperatives.5.From 2016 to 2018,fertilizer utilization rate of major crops in Anhui province increased steadily.In 2018,the fertilizer utilization rate of major crops in our province was 38.7%,1.1 percentage points higher than that in 2017 and 2.5 percentage points higher than that in 2016.