Analysis Of Dna Methylation And Expression Of Epigenetic Enzyme Gene In Lung Tissues Of Yak And Tibetan Yellow Cattle

The yak is mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and can survive in extreme environmental conditions such as high and low temperatures,low oxygen,and strong ultraviolet rays.The yak occupies a very important position in the development of local animal husbandry.Hypoxia adaptability is regulated by multiple genes and multiple pathways,which is a complex regulation process.Among them,genomic DNA methylation can regulate gene expression by regulating the association of related genes with transcription factors and changing the structure of chromatin.In this study,Leiwuqi yak and Tibetan yellow cattle were selected as research objects,and the genome-wide methylation map of yak lung tissue was drawn to analyze the differences in DNA methylation between yak and Tibetan yellow cattle.To investigate the expression differences of epigenetic enzymes in yak and Tibetan yellow cattle.The results are as follows:1.Whole genome DNA methylation sequencing was performed on Leiwuqi yak and Tibetan yellow cattle,and a total of 517.44 Gb of raw data was obtained.The yak methylation map was drawn from the whole genome perspective,showing that the CG sequence had the highest methylation level,much higher than the CHH and CHG types,and the methylation pattern was dominated by the CG type.And the exon is the functional element with the highest methylation level.2.A total of 127 726 differentially methylated regions(DMRs)were screened.Compared with Tibetan yellow cattle,the DMR-related genes of the Leiwuqi yak were mostly hypomethylated.The GO function was enriched for promoter DMR-related genes,and it was found that DMR-related genes were mainly concentrated in 14 GO entries such as metal ion binding,ATP binding,Ca ion binding,transcribed DNA template,and proteolysis;significant differences in DMR related genes KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found that DMR-related genes are enriched in T cell receptor signaling pathways,glutamate synapses,HIF signaling pathways,AMPK signaling pathways,etc.and are related to immune response,neuromodulation,energy metabolism,and signal transduction 159 pathways.3.In leiwuqi yak and tibetan yellow cattle,HDAC1 and DNMT3 B genes are highly expressed in lungs,heart,liver and kidneys;KDM3A and DNMT1 genes are highly expressed in lungs and heart;while DNMT3 A is highly expressed in hearts;DNMT1,DNMT3 A and DNMT3 B The lowest expression in the cerebellum,hypothalamus and brain tissue may be related to protecting the brain from damage caused by hypoxia.The above research results provide a theoretical basis for further studying the apparent regulation mechanism of yak's hypoxia adaptation,and it is one of the important directions and goals for the study of hypoxia adaptation in the future.