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Effects Of Different Fertilization Models On Fluvo-aquic Soil Ammonia Volatilization And Nitrogen Utilization Of Wheat Season In North China Plain

Posted on:2021-04-01Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:B ZhangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2393330611483140Subject:Environmental Science
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Ammonia volatilization loss is one of the main pathway of nitrogen fertilizer loss in farmland,which has the characteristics of rapid response and large loss.As an important grain production area in China,the North China Plain has some problems,such as large amount of nitrogen fertilizer application,serious loss of ammonia volatilization,low nitrogen utilization of crops and so on.In recent years,there had been extensive studies on the application of new types of urea or organic fertilizer,stover or biochar returning to the field.To explore the effects of these methods on ammonia volatilization loss and crop nitrogen utilization and apply them to agricultural production reasonably is the key to balance agricultural development and environmental protection in North China Plain.In this study,the fluvo-aquic soil of wheat season was adopted for three field trials in the modern agricultural research and development base in Henan Province,including new types of urea trial,long-term localed trial and biochar trial.The effects of different fertilization methods on fluvo-aquic soil ammonia volatilization and wheat nitrogen utilization had been explored from these trials,such as the application of new types of urea?loss-controlled urea,humic acid urea?and different nitrogen application rates,long-term stover returning combined with chemical fertilizer and long-term application of organic fertilizer,biochar returning combined with chemical fertilizer.This paper was the research result of wheat season from October 2018 to June 2019.The main conclusions were as follows:?1?In the new types of urea trial,the cumulative ammonia volatilization during the basal fertilizer period accounted for 52.35%?84.81%of the total cumulative ammonia volatilization in the wheat season,and the accumulation of loss-controlled urea and humic acid urea could exceed 67%in the basal fertilizer period.During the whole monitoring period,there was a significant linear positive correlation between cumulative ammonia volatilization and nitrogen application.When the application amount of common urea,loss-controlled urea and humic acid urea increased by 1 kg N·hm-2,the cumulative ammonia volatilization increased by 0.01,0.05,0.06 kg N·hm-2,respectively.The cumulative ammonia volatilization of loss-controlled urea and humic acid urea treatment increased by79.11%and 92.8%compared with common urea treatment.There was a quadratic function relationship between wheat grain yield and nitrogen application.By analyzing functional relationships,compared with the common urea treatment,the maximum grain yield of loss-controlled urea treatment increased by 5.88%.At the same time,compared with the common urea treatment,the aboveground nitrogen uptake of the loss-controlled urea treatment increased by 6.69%,and the nitrogen fertilizer recovery efficiency increased by6.63 percentage points.?2?In the long-term localed trial,the cumulative ammonia volatilization of the single application of chemical fertilizer treatment?nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer?was 11.03 kg N·hm-2,accounting for 6.68%of the amount of nitrogen application.Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer,total substitution of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer could reduce the cumulative ammonia volatilization by 11.79%and the proportion of nitrogen application by 0.78 percentage points;the application of stover returning combined with chemical fertilizer increased the cumulative ammonia volatilization by 24.48%and the proportion of nitrogen application by 1.64 percentage points;The application of chemical fertilizers simultaneously with the application of organic fertilizer?the increased nitrogen amount of organic fertilizer accounts for 70%of that of chemical fertilizer?increased the cumulative ammonia volatilization by 18.13%,but decreased the proportion of nitrogen application by 2.03percentage points.The wheat grain yield of the single application of chemical fertilizer treatment was 9.70 t·hm-2,and the aboveground nitrogen uptake was 249.62 kg N·hm-2.Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer,the application of chemical fertilizers simultaneously with the application of organic fertilizer could increase wheat grain yield by 19.59%and aboveground nitrogen uptake by 12.13%.?3?In the biochar trail,compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer?nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer?,the application of chemical fertilizer combined with biochar increased the cumulative ammonia volatilization by 9.45%,increased by 5.47%in the basal fertilizer period and 13.44%in the topdressing period.The application of biochar can promote the nitrogen fertilizer utilization in wheat.The aboveground nitrogen uptake increased by 6.12%under the condition of no fertilization;while under the condition of chemical fertilizer application,the aboveground nitrogen uptake increased by 6.44%,and the nitrogen fertilizer recovery efficiency increased by 2.44percentage points.
Keywords/Search Tags:ammonia volatilization, nitrogen fertilizer utilization, new types of urea, stover returning, biochar
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