Design And Test Of The Plow And Rotary Burying Straw Returning Combine

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is one of the main production areas of rice and rape in China.The planting mode is mainly rice oil tanker farming.The heavy clay is widely distributed in this area,the soil is hard to be hardened,the water content is high,the stubble is high,the amount of straw is large,the soil resistance and the power consumption are large,which lead to the problems of poor operation quality and easy winding and blocking of traditional machines and tools.It is difficult to reach the surface of the earth in one operation Seed implantation requirements.Given the above problems,combined with the requirements of Agronomy,this paper designs a kind of plow rotary straw returning combined operation machine,which is mainly composed of anti winded grass device,plow device,and rotary burying device.One operation can complete many operations,such as cutting grass,plowing,rotary burying,soil crushing,flat land,etc.,which can meet the requirements of sowing.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Three kinds of plow bodies with different functional structures are designed.The horizontal straight-line method is used to design and study the plow body,and the movement principle of the soil ridge along the plow wall is analyzed.The soil trough test is carried out for the processed and trial manufactured plow body,and the field test is carried out after the improvement and optimization according to the problems found.The results show that the plow depth and traction resistance of the three plow bodies meet the operation requirements and achieve the design function.(2)Combined with the characteristics of local plowing and land preparation operation and the research of related technical equipment at home and abroad,the technical scheme of the plow rotation straw returning combined operation machine was put forward,the structure composition and working principle of the whole machine was determined,and the working process was analyzed.The working width of the whole machine is 2300 mm,the plowing depth is 180mm～230mm,the rotary burial depth is140mm～180mm,the transmission ratio of the variable-speed transmission system of the whole machine is 2.2:1,and the rotation speed of the cutter roll is 300r/min.themechanical analysis of the whole machine is carried out,the configuration of the plow body and the arrangement mode on the rack are studied and analyzed,and the three kinds of cutters on the rotary burial cutter roll are selected,designed and rearranged Cloth.(3)The cutting characteristics of rice and rape straw were studied.The cutting angle and falling height were selected as experimental factors.The cutting angle was 0°,30°,45°,and 60° respectively,and the falling height was 0.44 m,0.65 m,0.90 m,and 1.19 m respectively.Through the analysis of the cutting force per unit cross-sectional area obtained from the cutting results,it is found that the cutting force decreases first and then increases in the range of 30°～60°.It is suitable to be in the range of 45°.According to the results of cutting characteristics,the anti winded grass device is designed,the cutting edge curve is analyzed theoretically,the segmented cutting edge curve is designed,and the sliding cutting angle is 35°～55° cutting range;the mechanism is improved,and a resistance reducing and obstacle avoiding mechanism is designed to reduce cutting resistance and avoid damage.(4)The static analysis module of ANSYS Workbench is used to analyze the equivalent stress,strain,and deformation of the frame;the simulation model is established by EDEM,and the relevant operation parameters are used to simulate,and the traction resistance and power consumption of each working condition are obtained.Compared with the field test results,the simulation error is within the allowable range,which verifies the accuracy of the model.(5)Two field experiments were carried out in the rice field and rape field to explore the mechanical force and power consumption of machines and tools in different combinations of plow body and rotary burying knife roller under different field conditions.The field environmental characteristics before plowing were measured,including soil firmness,soil bulk density,soil moisture content,straw height,and straw mass per unit area.In the experiment of rice field,compared with the second operation mode of plowing first and then rotary burying,the traction resistance decreased by 22.3% and23.5% respectively,and the total power decreased by 23.3% and 17.6% respectively.(6)In the experiment of paddy field,the rotary burial depth of single and double plow combined with rotary burial was 176 mm,the rate of broken soil was 80.8% and84.8%,the rate of straw coverage was 90.5% and 89.8%,respectively;in the experiment of rape field,the rotary burial depth of single and double plow combined with rotary burial was 178 mm and 165 mm,the rate of broken soil was 88.74% and 90.25%,the rate of straw coverage was 93.4% and 90.9%,respectively The stability and flatness meet the operation quality requirements of tillage.The test shows that the plow rotary straw returning machine can adapt to the field with a large amount of straw,and all the performance indexes of the test meet the requirements of Agronomy and relevant standards.