Study On Screening Physalis Varieties In Two Cultivation Modes In Baicheng Area

As a nutritious herbaceous fruit,Physalis has been planted in a large area and taken up a large proportion of local farmers'income in Baicheng city,Jilin province.However,the further development and improvement of the industry was restricted by some technical problems,suchaslack of new varieties,meanwhile the yield and quality were decreasing,etc.Therefore,screening Physalis varieties in good quality was significative to increase the yield and quality of Physalis with promoting the development of the industry.In this study,15 Physalis germplasm resources from different regions were used as experiment materials,including“Hainan Physalis”,“Chaodawang”,“Luodihuang”,“Tiebaqing”,“lemon Physalis”,“Fengtianbao”,“Pinguan Physalis”,“Dandongchiyu Physalis”,“Little Sun”,“Yellow Pearl”,“Jiamusi Physalis”,“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”,“Daxing Physalis”,“Linhai Physalis”,“Guanzhu Physalis”.These materialswere planted in two cultivation modes:transplants from nursing seedlingand direct seeding in mulching field.The relative ingredients of growth,quality and yield were measured.8 indexes,including single fruit weight,fruit number per plant,yield,fruit shape index,soluble solids,reducible sugar,titratable acid and vitamin C,were analyzed by variability analysis,correlation analysis and principal component analysis,The results were as follows:1.Screening of Physalis varieties by transplants from nursing seedlingPlant disease resistance:“Hainan Physalis”,“lemon Physalis”,“Fengtianbao”,“Pinguan Physalis”and“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”had strong disease resistance.Yields:“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”had the highest yield(11278 kg/hm~2),“Chaodawang”was the next(10850.69 kg/hm~2),“Pinguan Physalis”was the third(10356.64 kg/hm~2).Agronomic traits:“Lemon Physalis”had the highest plant height(119.7 cm)and the largest single fruit weight(11.09 g);“Luodihuang”had the largest diameter(2.99 cm);“Hainan Physalis”had the largest shape index(1.57);“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”had the most fruits per plant(262.13).Quality:“Lemon Physalis”had the highest soluble solids content(12.26%);“Chaodawang”had the highest reducing sugar content(8.42 mg/g);“Luodihuang”had the highest vitamin C content(35.46 mg/100g);“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”had the highest titratable acid content(0.76%).Comprehensive evaluation by principal component analysis:the score of“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”(1.65)and“Hainan Physalis”(1.31)were higher.Therefore,“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”and“Hainan Physalis”were the best variety suitable for Baicheng area in transplants from nursing seedling.2.Screening of Physalis varieties in direct seeding in mulching fieldPlant disease resistance:“Tiebaqing”,“Yellow Pearl”,“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”had strong disease resistance.Yields:“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”had the highest yield(12059 kg/hm~2),“Pinguan Physalis”was the next(11621.42 kg/hm~2),“Tiebaqing”was the third(11535.22 kg/hm~2).Agronomic traits:“lemon Physalis”had the highest plant height(133.7 cm)and the largest single fruit weight(12.64 g);“Luodihuang”had the largest diameter(3.55 cm);“Hainan Physalis”had the largest shape index(1.47),“jihonggaoxin Physalis”had the most fruits per plant(323.43).Quality:“Hainan Physalis”had the highest soluble solids content(12.61%):“Daxing Physalis”had the highest reducing sugar content(8.11 mg/g);“Luodihuang”had the highest vitamin C content(34.87 mg/100g);“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”had the highest titratable acid content(0.71%).Comprehensive evaluation by principal component analysis:“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”(1.41)and“Pinguan Physalis”(1.39)were higher.Therefore,“Jihonggaoxin Physalis”and“Pinguan Physalis”were the best variety suitable for Baicheng areain direct seeding in mulching field.