The Co-location Of ER,PR And M₂ Receptors In The Gastrointestinal Tract Of Female Rabbits

Estrogen and Progesterone as the two important ovarian hormones in the body and in addition to the function of the reproductive system,the nervous,endocrine,immune,cardiovascular and bone system also play an important role in the reproductive regulation,both two hormones through the genome and the pathways involved in regulating activities of target organ function.Epidemiological and clinical studies have found that there are significant gender differences in the occurrence of many gastrointestinal diseases,such as gastrointestinal dysfunction and intestinal obstruction,which maybe related to the regulation of estrogen and progesterone in the complex functional activities of the gastrointestinal tract.The function regulation of gastrointestinal activity is mainly realized through the excitatory action of the cholinergic neurons of the vagus nerve,and acetylcholine is the most important classical neurotransmitter to stimulate gastrointestinal movement.So how do estrogen/progesterone and acetylcholine interact in the gastrointestinal tract?In this experiment,immunofluorescence double labeling staining technique was used to study the distribution characteristics and co-localization of Estrogen Receptors?ERs?,Progesterone Receptors?PRs?and muscarine M₂ Receptors?M₂m ACh R?in the gastrointestinal tract of female rabbits,so as to provide morphological basis for revealing the regulation of the gastrointestinal tract activities by Estrogen,Progesterone and acetylcholine.The results of this experiment are as follows:1. The immunopositive products of ER?and ER?were mainly found in the epithelial cells of the gastric and cardia glands.The mucosal epithelial cells and glandular epithelial cells of the small intestine and cecum showed moderate ER?and ER?positive staining,and the connective tissue cells of the deep lamina propria showed strong positive immune response.The mucosal epithelial cells of colon and rectum were weakly positive.ER?and ER?and M₂m ACh R were co-located in the mucosal epithelial cells,glandular epithelial cells and deep lamina propria connective tissue cells of the gastric and cardia glands and each segment of the intestinal tract.There were significant differences in the degree of positive reactions in the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa lamina propria.The results of quantitative analysis showed that the relative protein expression of ER?in the mucosal epithelial cells of the gastric cardia gland was significantly higher than that of ER?and PR?P<0.05?,and the fusion fluorescence intensity of ER?and M₂m ACh R was significantly higher than that of ER?,PR and M₂m ACh R?P<0.01?.2. No PR immunopositive signal was detected in the stomach and cardia gland of rabbits.PR was mainly distributed in mucosal epithelial cells and glandular epithelial cells of the small intestine,showing a weakly positive reaction.In addition,PR positive cells were found in the connective tissue of mucosal lamina propria of each segment of the small intestine,and the number and degree of staining were different.In the large intestine,PR mainly existed in the mucosal epithelial cells of the cecum and colon,which were weakly positive staining.The immunofluorescence double markers of PR and M₂m ACh R showed that there was only single-standard positive reaction of M₂m ACh R in the gastric and cardia region.In the small intestine,PR and M₂m ACh R were co-located in the epithelial cells of the duodenum and the deep connective tissue cells of the mucosa lamina propria,while PR and M₂m ACh R were co-located in the deep connective tissue cells of the mucosa lamina propria and showed a strong positive reaction.In the large intestine,PR co-localized with M₂m ACh in the mucosal epithelial cells of the cecum and colon.The results of quantitative analysis showed that the expression of ER?in the small intestinal lamina propria connective tissue cells was significantly higher than that of PR and ER??P<0.01?,and the fusion fluorescence intensity of ER?and M₂m ACh R was significantly higher than that of PR and M₂m ACh R?P<0.05?.The expression of ER?in the epithelial cells of the large intestine was significantly higher than that of ER?and PR?P<0.05?,and the fusion fluorescence intensity of ER?and M₂m ACh R was higher than that of ER?,PR and M₂m ACh R.The above results indicated that there was a direct regulation of estrogen and progesterone in some parts of the gastrointestinal tract of rabbits,which provided a theoretical basis for further research on the regulation and pathway of estrogen/progesterone on the gastrointestinal tract.