Study On Key Techniques For Tomato Cultivation Using Coconut Bran Compound Substrate

In order to improve the yield and quality of tomatoes,the open tank culture system developed by the vegetable center was used in this experiment.Infinite growth tomato' Fengshou' was used as the test material.The substrate,EC value of nutrient solution,irrigation frequency and irrigation amount suitable for open tank culture of tomatoes were selected.Matrix screening test :Five types of composite cultivation substrates were tested for their cultivation suitability.The five cultivation substrates were set up by mixing coarse coconut coir,fine coconut coir,peat,vermiculite and perlite according to different volume ratios: the control,peat: vermiculite: perlite as 2:1: 1;T1,coarse coconut coir only;T2,coarse coconut coir: Perlite as 3: 1;T3,fine coconut coir;T4,fine coconut bran: perlite as 3:1.The physical and chemical properties of the five substrates were characterized.The growth changes of plants growing in different substrates such as plant height,stem diameter,leaf number and root activity were measured,and their yield,dry and fresh weight,fruit shape index,and the soluble sugar,titratable acid,soluble protein,VC content of the fruits were as well studied.Six nutrient solution concentrations(1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5 and 4.0)were set up according to different EC values,using tomato' Fengshou' with indeterminate growth habit as the test materiall and coconut bran: perlite 3:1 as matrix.The changes of plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,root activity,soluble sugar,organic acid,soluble protein,VC content,yield,dry and fresh weight,water use efficiency and nutrient concentration in root zone were studied under different nutrient solution concentrations.Taking infinite growth tomato "Fengshou" as the test material and coconut bran: perlite 3:1 as the matrix,nine treatments were set up according to different irrigation frequencies and irrigation amounts.The growth changes of plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,root activity,soluble sugar,organic acid,soluble protein,VC content,chlorophyll content,leaf photosynthetic characteristics and microstructure,yield,dry and fresh weight,water use efficiency and other changes were studied under different irrigation frequencies and irrigation amounts.1.The results showed that the four substrates of coconut coir were all suitable for tomato growth.The T4 and T2 treatments with perlite resulted higher yield than the T1 and T3 treatments containing solely coconut coir.The T3 treatment with only fine coconut coir resulted fruits with sugar content higher than ones from all other treatments.Therefore,our study indicated that coconut coir is suitable for tomato soilless culture,and adding perlite to the coconut coir could significantly improve thephysical and chemical properties of cultivation substrate and improve yield,and the fine coconut coir could be used as substrate for tomato high-quality cultivation.2.The results showed that the quality of tomato could be improved by increasing the concentration of nutrient solution appropriately,but the yield and quality would decrease if the concentration of nutrient solution was too high and the accumulation of salt was serious.In this experiment,the nutrient solution concentration of T3,T4 and T5 treatments was more suitable for coconut bran complex substrate cultivation.T5 treatment could be used as short-term high-quality cultivation,while T3 treatment with lower concentration could be selected for long-season high-yield cultivation of tomato.3.The results showed that W1T6 with less irrigation had higher quality and water use efficiency,and was suitable for high quality cultivation.The W3T6 treatment with high irrigation amount has strong growth and high yield and single fruit weight,which is suitable for high-yield cultivation.