| Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1(PLAG1)can regulate the growth and development of animals by increasing the expression of growth factors such as the Insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2).The SNP of PLAG1(AC?000171.1: g.25015640G> T,rs109815800)has been shown to be significantly associated with body size of European cattle,the Indel(No.AC?000171.1 25020872-25020890,rs523753416)has been shown to be associated with body size traits in 4 Chinese cattle breeds,but distributions of the two variants in Chinese cattle are unclear.In order to explore whether the SNP(rs109815800)and Indel(rs523753416)of PLAG1 are associated with body size traits in Chinese cattle,this study designed specific primers for this two loci.Using PCR amplification technology,sequencing technology,polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and statistics principle,we verified the polymorphisms of the two loci,and analyzed the association between them and body size traits of Chinese cattle.For the rs109815800 locus,558 adult cows from 7 cattle breeds were collected to verify the correlation between the polymorphism of the rs109815800 locus and the body size traits of the cattle.Then,a total of 1,102 individuals from 38 Chinese cattle breeds were used to analyze this the distribution of the polymorphism in Chinese cattle breeds.For the rs523753416 locus,451 adult cows in Yunling breed were collected to verify the correlation between the polymorphism of this locus and the body size traits of cattle,and then 1,306 individuals from 35 Chinese cattle breeds were used to analyze the distribution of the polymorphism of this locus among Chinese cattle breeds.The following results were obtained:(1)A mutation of G>T was detected at the rs109815800 locus of PLAG1 in cattle.That is,two alleles of G(Q)and T(q),three genotypes of QQ,Qq and qq were detected.The polymorphism of the locus significantly associated with four body size traits of cattle: the individuals with the QQ genotype had significantly higher body height and hip cross height than the individuals with the Qq genotype(P<0.05).The cattle with the QQ and Qq genotype compared with individuals carrying qq genotype,had extremely fifference in body height,hip cross height,body length and heart girth(P<0.01).Among Chinese native breeds,the vatiant of rs109815800 locus showed an obvious geographical distribution: the frequencies of Q allele in Chinese native breeds tended to decrease from northern China to southern China,and the the frequencies of q allele on the opposite.In addition,the frequencies of Q allele in two beef cattle breeds were much higher than that in other Chinese native breeds.(2)A 19 bp Indel was detected at the rs523753416 locus of PLAG1 in cattle.That is,two alleles of W(366 bp)and D(347 bp),and three genotypes of WW,WD,and DD were detected.The polymorphism of the locus significantly related to the three body size traits of Yunling cattle: the cattle with WD genotype had significantly higher body height and hip cross height than the individuals with WW and DD genotypes(P<0.05).The heart girth of individuals with WD genotype was significantly larger than that of individuals with DD genotype(P<0.05).In Chinese native breeds,the frequencies of the variant at rs523753416 locus in the northern and central groups showed a clear geographical distribution: as the latitude increases,the frequencies of the W allele gradually increased,and the the frequencies of D allele on the opposite.In summary,the SNP(rs109815800)of PLAG1 is significantly associated with body height,hip cross height,body length and heart girth in cattle.The Indel(rs523753416)is associated with body height,hip cross height,and heart girth in cattle.The distributions of the two loci in Chinese cattle had geographical distribution patterns.Therefore,rs109815800 and rs523753416 can be used as candidate molecular markers for cattle breeding. |
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