Introduction Performance And Adaptability Analysis Of Different Grape Varieties In Pingdingshan, Henan Province

Grape as a deciduous fruit tree widely cultivated all over the world,its yield and cultivation area are in the first place in deciduous fruit trees for a long time.As an area suitable for grape growth and cultivation,Pingdingshan City in Henan Province has good natural climate conditions,and the grape planting area has been growing steadily year by year for a long time.However,from the current production,it is found that the problem of too single variety planting gradually highlights.The phenology,growth and fruiting characteristics,high yield and fruit quality of five varieties,such as sunshine rose,giant rose,golden finger,summer black and new star seedless,were systematically analyzed and studied.The good grape varieties suitable for cultivation in Pingdingshan City were selected and provided theoretical support.The results show that all of the five varieties are suitable for cultivation in Pingdingshan City,and can be popularized gradually,so as to produce better economic,ecological and social benefits.The main results are as follows:From the aspect of fruit economic characters,the weight of single ear is between 300-615 g,the largest is 615 g for giant rose,and the smallest is 300 g for Xiahei;Xiahei is the early and middle maturing variety,giant rose,golden finger,sunshine rose is the middle maturing variety,Xinxing seedless is the middle and late maturing variety;there are four flavors: sweet,sour,sweet and light sweet.There are three types of fragrance: milk,rose and strawberry.Under the condition of shelter from rain,incidence rate of downy mildew,black pox,gray mold and anthrax of grape plants is low.But in the flowering stage,Botrytis cinerea and spike Brown blight should be noted.In Pingdingshan City,the growth trend of each variety is moderate and strong,with high germination rate and fruiting branch rate,strong disease resistance,easy management,neat fruit grain,uniform size and good quality.In particular,Xiahei and Yangguang roses,with large ears,high sugar content and good yield,are suitable for promotion and Cultivation in Pingdingshan City and surrounding areas.The three varieties of golden finger,giant rose and Xinxing seedless have good flower bud differentiation,can promote early to culture,realize early listing,make up for the problem of small number of early maturing varieties and single variety structure,and improve economic benefits.Through the exploration of the cultivation and management mode of different grape varieties,the cuttings of Xiahei grape,which has a small planting scale in Pingdingshan City but still needs to be popularized,were studied.The influence of different soil culture hardwood cuttings and different water solution hardwood cuttings on grape was studied in detail,and the selection of hardwood cuttings of Xiahei grape was obtained Under the influence of the medium,the best rooting rate and germination rate were 97.61% and 95.23%,the average root length was 220.53 mm,and the average root diameter was 3.81 mm.The incidence rate of downy mildew and anthracnose was studied by two different varieties of sunshine rose and new star seedless.From the incidence rate of anthrax,the seedless grape and sunshine rose grape under rain cultivation conditions were reduced by 17.6% and 4.5% compared with the open cultivation.From the incidence rate of downy mildew,the new star seedless grape and the sun rose grape downy mildew under rain shelter cultivation conditions decreased by 11.5% and 40.3% compared with the open-air cultivation.Rain cultivation has reduced the incidence rate of grape diseases,reduced the number of disease infestation and spraying.By observing the two varieties of giant Rosa and golden fingers,the difference between soluble solids and titratable acids in rain cultivation and open cultivation mode has been compared.The results showed that the content of soluble solid of the two cultivars was about 3% higher than that of the open cultivation,and the titratable acid content of the two cultivars was slightly lower than that of the open cultivation,but there was no significant difference between the two cultivars.The quality of grape fruit was improved effectively by adopting the pattern of rainproof cultivation.Based on the systematic analysis of the present situation of grape industry in Pingdingshan City,this paper points out that there are some problems in the development of grape industry in Pingdingshan City,such as the unreasonable variety structure,the lack of cooperative in the decentralized management of growers,the lack of professional technical guidance in grape planting,the lackof investigation in market sales,the lack of standard in facility agriculture,the lack of brand in agricultural products,etc Specific countermeasures.