The Transcriptome Data Analysis Of Sequential And Non-sequential Senescence Of Wheat Leaves

Non-sequential senescence wheat is a type of wheat whose flag leaves are senesces earlier than Penultimate leaf at the later stage of grain filling.Compared with sequential senesces wheat,non-sequential senesces wheat has higher yield and stress resistance.The paper uses sequential senescence wheat(NR9405)and non-sequential aging wheat(Wenmai 19)as materials,and uses digital gene expression profiling technology to detect the gene expression levels of two senescence types of wheat flag leaves at 25 d,30d and 32 d after flowering.Screen differentially expressed genes at 25 d and 30 d,30d and 32 d flag leaves.Performing GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on differentially expressed genes and weighted gene co-expression network analysis of expressed genes to reveal the formation mechanism of sequential and non-sequential senescence of wheat leaves and their application value in wheat production.The main conclusions are as follows:1.Sequential senescence wheat NR9405,30 days after flowering compared with 25 days,there were 3,404 up-regulated genes and 3,255 down-regulated genes,aggregated 6,659 genes;30 days after flowering compared with 32 days,including 3017 up-regulated genes and 1041 down-regulated genes,aggregated 4,058 genes.Non-sequential senescence wheat Wenmai 19,30 days after flowering compared with 25 days,there wre 7,454 genes up-regulated and 6,155 genes down-regulated,aggregated 13,609 genes.32 days after flowering,compared with 30 days,there were 2669 genes that were up-regulated and 3652 genes that were down-regulated,aggregated 6,321 genes.2.Through GO enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes,the main GO entries of two senescence types of wheat upregulated genes were significantly enriched: environmental stress response,fatty acid alpha oxidation,cell death,DNA catabolism,autophagy,hydrolase,transferase Transporter,serine / threonine protein phosphatase,etc.The GO items with significantly down-regulated genes are: photosynthesis,light capture,photosynthetic electron transfer chain,chlorophyll biosynthesis process,chloroplast body,etc.During the non-sequential senescence of wheat leaves,autophagy,trehalose biosynthesis,trehalose phosphatase,sucrose synthase and other related genes are significantly up-regulated,which is beneficial to maintain leaf moisture,promote leaf carbon and nitrogen transport,and increase wheat yield.3.Sequential senescence wheat NR9405,30 days after flowering compared with 25 days,the differentially expressed up-regulated genes significantly enriched the total of 48 KEGG pathways,and the down-regulated genes significantly enriched the total of 33 KEGG pathways;32 days after flowering compared with 30 days,the differentially expressed up-regulated genes significantly enriched the total of 37 KEGG pathways,and the down-regulated genes significantly enriched the total of 26 KEGG pathways.Non-sequential senescence wheat NR9405,30 days after flowering compared with 25 days,Differentially expressed up-regulated genes significantly enriched the KEGG pathway in a total of 79,and down-regulated genes significantly enriched the KEGG pathway in a total of 41;32 days after flowering compared with 30 days,The differentially expressed up-regulated genes significantly enriched the KEGG pathway in a total of 48,and the down-regulated genes significantly enriched the KEGG pathway in a total of 47.Data analysis shows that there are more controlled regulation pathways in the non-sequential aging process.4.The differentially expressed up-regulated genes of the two types of senescence wheat significantly enriched.The KEGG pathway mainly focused on carbohydrate metabolism,various amino acid metabolism,material transport and autophagy pathways.The autophagy pathway was significantly up-regulated and enriched in non-sequential senescence wheat,and it occurred earlier than sequential senescence wheat and involved more genes.The down-regulated genes significantly enriched the KEGG pathway mainly in the pathways of photosynthesis proteins,photosynthesis,photosynthesis-antenna proteins,carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.5.The core genes of two types of senescence wheat were screened through the weighted gene co-expression network module.The results showed that the core genes of the senescent wheat NR9405 during the senescence process totaled 12 core genes,and there were 2 genes related to nitrogen metabolism.Protein breakdown and glycine cleavage.There are four genes related to carbon metabolism,whose main functions are to transfer hexosylase,carbohydrate metabolism process,photosystem II release oxygen complex and chloroplast isoamylase complex.There is one gene related to material transport,and its main function is membrane transport.Non-sequential senescence wheat Wenmai 19 has a total of 16 core genes during aging,including 4 genes related to nitrogen metabolism,whose main functions are transcriptional regulation,ribosome and translation,cysteine synthase and cysteine Biosynthesis.There are 4 genes related to carbon metabolism,whose main functions are to transfer hexosylase,chlorophyll biosynthesis,carbohydrate metabolism and nutrient pool activity.There are three genes related to transport,whose main functions are substrate-specific transmembrane transporter,potassium ion transmembrane transporter and proton transport ATP synthase.One cell responds to phosphate starvation.