| Seashore paspalum(Paspalum vaginatum),is a perennial warm-season herbaceous plant,belongs to the genus Gypsophila.The wild germplasms of Seashore paspalum are mainly distributed in the tropical and subtropical coastal areas.Therefore,Seashore paspalum was also known as marsh plant and it has been widely used in foreign developed countries.There are hundreds of germplasms were collected and saved and dozens of varieties were cultivated.In recent years,we have collected and imported dozens of seashore paspalum germplasm resources from more than ten countries or regions overseas.However,the identification and evaluation of these collected and importeded germplasm resources were less studied.In this study,56 seashore paspalum germplasms originated from 12 countries or regions were studied.The morphological markers were used to evaluate and identify the botanical characteristics,including plant shape,height,growth,and phenology,of these 56 germplasms.According to the evaluation method of National Standards for Grass Variety Certification Technical Regulations,field evaluations of the disease resistance and insect resistance of these materials were conducted to provide theoretical references for further research and utilization of these germplasm resources and for further screening.The results of this study will lay a foundation for the cultivation of new seashore paspalum varieties(lines).The evaluation results are as follows:(1)The leaf morphological characteristics of 58 samples were different.According to the length of blade,these samples can be divided into three groups,such as long leaf type,middle type,and short leaf type.There are 27 germplasms belong to long leaf type material and 29 germplasms belong to middle class material and 2 belong to short leaf type material.According to blade width,they can be divided into wide leaf class,middle type,and narrow leaf type.There are 8 germplasms belong to wide leaf type,and 24 belong to middle class 26 belong to narrow leaf type.According to the leaf positive color,they can be divided into four groups,such as extremely dark green,dark green.yellow green and light yellow green.There are 1 germplasms belong to extremely dark green type,and 48 belong to dark green class,8 belong to yellow green type and 1 germplasm belongs to light yellow green type.According to the leaf back color,they can be divided into four categories,including dark green,green,dark yellow green,and yellow green.There are 43 germplasms belong to dark green type,and 5 belong to green class,9 belong to dark yellow green type and 1 germplasm belongs to yellow green type.According to the length of sheath,these samples can be divided into three groups,such as long sheath type,middle type,and short sheath type.There are 8 germplasms belong to long sheath type material and 48 germplasms belong to middle class material and 2 belong to short sheath type material.(2)The stolon morphological characteristics of 58 samples were different.According to the stolon circumference,these samples can be divided into four groups,such as thick stolon type,middle thick stolon type,middle fine stolon type,and fine stolon type.There are 3 germplasms belong to thick stolon material and 5 germplasms belong to middle thick stolon type material and 29 belong to middle fine stolon type material and 21 belong to fine stolon type material.According to the length of internode,these samples can be divided into four groups,such as long internode type,middle type,and short internode type.There are 8 germplasms belong to long internode type material and 13 germplasms belong to middle long class material and 30 belong to middle short internode type material and 7 belong to short internode type material.According to the stems color,they can be divided into three categories,including pine green,goose yellow,and red brown.There are 29 germplasms belong to pine green type,and 28 belong to goose yellow class and 1 belong to red brown type.According to the stolons color,they can be divided into three categories,including light red brown,red purple,and dark purple.There are 47 germplasms belong to light red brown type,and 7 belong to red purple class and 4 belong to dark purple type.(3)The growth of stolon of 58 samples was different.According to the four month growth of stolon,these samples can be divided into three groups,such as large number type,middle type,and small number type.There are 4 germplasms belong to large number type material and 18 germplasms belong to middle class material and 36 belong to small number type material.(4)Only 55 of the 58 samples were flowering and their inflorescence morphological characteristics were different.According to the anther color,they can be divided into three categories,including light yellow,red brown and dark purple.There are 20 light yellow materials,12 red brown materials and 22 dark purple materias.According to the length of inflorescence,these samples can be divided into three groups,such as long inflorescence type,middle type,and short inflorescence type.There are 12 germplasms belong to long inflorescence type material and 25 germplasms belong to middle class material and 18 belong to short inflorescence type material.According to inflorescence width,they can be divided into wide inflorescence class,middle type,and narrow inflorescence type.There are 9 germplasms belong to wide inflorescence type,and 37 belong to middle class 9 belong to narrow inflorescence type.According to the length of pedicel,these samples can be divided into four groups,such as long pedicel type,middle type,and short pedicel type.There is 1 germplasm belong to long pedicel type material and 34 germplasms belong to middle long class material and 16 belong to middle short pedicel type material and 2 belong to short pedicel type material.According to pedicel diameter,they can be divided into wide pedicel class,middle type,and narrow pedicel type.There are 3 germplasms belong to wide pedicel type,and 13 belong to middle class,37 belong to narrow pedicel type.According to the length of main pedicel,these samples can be divided into four groups,such as long main pedicel type,middle type,and short main pedicel type.There are 2 germplasms belong to long main pedicel type material and 33 germplasms belong to middle long class material and 16 belong to middle short main pedicel type material and 4 belong to short main pedicel type material.According to main pedicel diameter,they can be divided into wide main pedicel class,middle type,and narrow main pedicel type.There are 6 germplasms belong to wide main pedicel type,and 24 belong to middle class,25 belong to narrow main pedicel type.(5)The plant height of 58 samples was different.According to the height of plant,these samples can be divided into three groups,such as high plan type,middle type,and short plan type.There are 5 germplasms belong to high plan type material and 33 germplasms belong to middle class material and 20 belong to short plan type material.(6)There were differences in pest and disease resistance of 58 samples.According to the disease resistance score,these samples can be divided into high resistance type,middle resistance type and low sensitivity type,There are 9 germplasms belong to high resistant material and 32 germplasms belong to medium resistant materiall and 7 belong to low sensitivity material with score of more than 8,6-7,and 4-5,respectively.According to the pest resistance score,these samples can be divided into high resistance type,middle resistance type and low sensitivity type,There are 29 germplasms belong to high resistant material and 25 germplasms belong to medium resistant materiall and 4 belong to low sensitivity material with score of more than 8,6-7,and 4-5,respectively.(7)The length of green period of 58 test materials was different.'Manilagrass' and'Tifway' have long green period,the days of green period is from 255 d to 275 d,647895,647914 and,'Adalayd' and other 45 samples,have middle long green period,the days of green period is from 235 d to 255 d,647916,647918 and 647923 and other 11 samples,have short green period,the days of green period is from215 d to 235 d.(8)Among the 13 quantitative traits of 56 seashore paspalum,leaf height,internode length,leaf width,and stem circumference were the most important information loads in the first principal component,which was the main factor causing differences in quantitative characteristics of different seashore paspalum materials. |
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