| Objective Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT)can cause thyroid dysfunction in patients.In this study,we observe the emotion and cognition of HT patients with different thyroid hormones levels and normal control group through the scale scores,and to explore the influence of immune factors and thyroid hormone levels of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on emotion and cognition.Methods 62 female patients(aged 20-48 years old)with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were collected from outpatients.Inclusive criteria: 1.Thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)>60U/ml and the thyroglobulin antibody(Tg Ab)>60U/ml for more than six months,2.Color doppler ultrasonography showed diffuse lesions of the thyroid,except thyroid nodules and other lesions.Exclude pregnancy and brain injury,epilepsy,mental disorders and other disorders affecting mood and cognition.According to the levels of thyroid hormone,patients were divided into euthyroid HT group,hypothyroidism group and hyperthyroidism group.24 normal controls were also raised(normal control group).All subjects were evaluated by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),and Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE).The first two were evaluated by self-assessment,and the latter was conducted by question-answer form.Result 1.There was no statistical difference of age and education among each group,and the data were matched.2.Compared with the normal control group,the T3 and T4 decreased significantly in the hypothyroidism group,and the TSH was significantly increased(P<0.05).The T3 and T4 increased significantly in hyperthyroidism group and the TSHdecreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,there was no significant difference in T3,T4 and TSH of the euthyroid HT group.3.The scores of SAS and SDS in euthyroid HT group,hypothyroidism group and hyperthyroidism group were all higher than those in normal control group(P<0.05),and the scores in hyperthyroidism group was higher than euthyroid HT group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in MMSE score among the four groups.Conclusion HT has influence on this two kinds of emotion: anxiety and depression.The patients with thyroid dysfunction may be more obvious.It suggests that the change of emotion in patients with HT may be a result of the interaction of immune factors and thyroid dysfunction.Objective Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT)and thyrotoxicosis can cause emotional and cognitive dysfunction.HT is a common cause of thyrotoxicosis.Glutamate is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system,so the content ofglutamate in frontal lobe may be affected in HT.In this study,we made the model by giving porcine thyroglobulin(p Tg)to the CBA/J mice.To observe whetherthe content and distribution of glutamate in frontal lobe of HT mice(combined with thyrotoxicosis or not)were affected.Methods 45 healthy 5 weeks old female CBA/J mice were fed for one week.All the mice were divided into two groups,that is,the normal control group(n=10)and the HT model group.After the end of the model,successful model mice were selected from the model group,and were divided into euthyroid HT group(HT group,n=10)and HT combined with thyrotoxicosis group(thyrotoxicosis group,n=10)according to the measured thyroid hormone levels.The model group modeling steps:p Tg dissolved in PBS solution,complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA)solution and p Tg 1:1 mixed in a mortar,the final concentration of p Tg was 2 mg/ml,grinding to "oil in water" under the condition of ice bath.Fixed mice by intraperitoneal injection(0.1ml of the mixture each mouse).The remaining two groups were injected with an equal amount of CFA.CFA will be replaced by IFA for the fourteenth day,follow the first operation methods,and the remaining two groups were injected with an equal amount of CFA.The molding cycle is 49 days.T3,T4,thyroglobulin antibody(Tg Ab)and thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)were detected in the mice serum.The thyroid were collected from mice for HE staining,observed the photos.The mice brain tissue was collected to do immunohistochemical staining,and detected the distribution and content of glutamate in the frontal lobe of mice(AOD).Result 1.The results of thyroid specimens: compared to normal control,thyroid of all the HT mice were symmetrical increases,most part of the thyroid was pink,and some part of it was slant yellow.The quality of it is strong,slightly feeling nodules.2.Thyroid hormone and Tg Ab and TPOAb levels of mice in each group: compared with normal control group,Tg Ab and TPOAb of HT group and thyrotoxicosisgroup were significantly increased(P<0.01);compared with the normal control group,the difference of the T4 in HT group was not statistically significant.The T4 of thyrotoxicosis group was significantly higher than the normal control group(P<0.01),the difference of the T3 was not statistically significant among the three groups.3.HE staining of thyroid gland in each group: compared with the normal controlgroup,there were obvious lymphocytic infiltration and partial thyroid follicular destruction in the thyroid gland of HT group and thyrotoxicosis group.4.Glutamate concentration and distribution of it’s immune products of frontal lobe of mice: compared to the normal control group,the intracellular glutamate content in the Ⅱ-Ⅴlayers of the frontal lobe of mice in the thyrotoxicosis group was singnificantly increased(P<0.01)and also increased in the Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅴlayers of the frontal lobe of HT group mice(P<0.05).In the thyrotoxicosis group,the intracellular glutamate content in the Ⅱ-Ⅴlayers of the frontal lobe was higher than the HT group(P<0.05).Conclusion HT can lead to the increase of glutamate content in frontal lobe cells,which is more obvious when combined with thyrotoxicosis.This result may provide some reference for the mechanism of the emotional influence of HT and HT combined with thyrotoxicosis. |
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