The Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Renal Calculus In Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Objective To investigate the incidence of renal calculus in patients with peritoneal dialysis(PD)and explore the risk factors of renal calculus in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and provide basis for the prevention and treatment of peritoneal dialysis complicated with renal calculus.Methods A total of 107 patients with peritoneal dialysis who were followed up from July 2015 to July 2017 in Department of Nephrology,First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were enrolled in this study.The incidence of renal calculus was analyzed.Patients with peritoneal dialysis were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of complications of renal calculus.The general conditions of each group were investigated,such as age,gender,the primary disease leading to end-stage renal disease(ESRD)and so on.The hemoglobin,plasma albumin,globulin,urea nitrogen,creatinine,uric acid,calcium,phosphorus,Parathyroid Hormone,(PTH)total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL)and low-density lipoprotein(LD)and other biochemical indicators were measured,and the dialysis time and urine volume were recorded.The differences between the above two groups were compared,and analyzed the correlation between each index and the occurrence of renal calculus.Results 1.Of the 107 peritoneal dialysis patients,23 had renal calculus and 84 had no renal calculus.2.Regular peritoneal dialysis patients with renal calculus accounted for 21.5% of the total number,higher than the prevalence of kidney stones in the general population in the region(4.8%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.In the stone group,14 were male and 9 were female.In the stone-free group,31 were male and 53 were female,with a prevalence rate of 31.11% in males and 14.52% in females.Therefore,in peritoneal dialysis patients,the prevalence of kidney stones in males was significantly higher than that in females(χ2= 4.255,P = 0.039).4.The levels of uric acid(430.17±83.44 vs 389.17±78.13,t=-2.198,p=0.030)and cholesterol(5.09 ± 1.03 vs 4.58 ± 1.09 t=-2.012,p=0.047)in the stone group were significantly higher than those in the non-stone group.There was no significant difference between patients in age,dialysis age,hemoglobin,serum albumin,globulin,urea nitrogen,creatinine,calcium,phosphorus,triglycerides,HDL,LDL and 24 hours urine output.The above indicators with statistical significance were included in the unconditional logistic regression analysis.The results showed that male,hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia were risk factors for renal calculi in peritoneal dialysis patients.Conclusions The incidence of renal calculus in peritoneal dialysis patients was higher than that in the general population.Male,hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia are independent risk factors for the formation of renal calculi in peritoneal dialysis patients.Hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia are interfering factors.Intervention of these risk factors may help to reduce the incidence of kidney stones in patients with peritoneal dialysis.