Clinical Characteristics Of Coronary Artery Disease In Middle-aged And Young Women Hospitalized In A Top-level Hospital In Shihezi Area

Purpose: To analyze the clinical data of patients with coronary artery disease in young and middle-aged women in Shihezi area who were hospitalized in our hospital and had undergone coronary angiography.To investigate the main risk factors,clinical manifestations,examination results,and coronary lesions of coronary artery disease in middle-aged and young women in Shihezi area.Proposed targeted and constructive prevention and treatment recommendations.Methods:Retrospective observation and analysis of hospital medical records of 510 cases of middle-aged and young female patients from Shihezi area admitted in our hospital from January 1,2015 to December 31,2017,including 30 young people(20 years<age <45 years)(5.88%))Middle-aged(45 years old≤60 years old)480 cases(94.12%);A group(non-stenosis coronary artery)179 cases(35.10%),B group(coronary stenosis <50%)78 cases(15.29% There were 236 cases(46.27%)in group C(≥50% of coronary artery stenosis)and 17 cases(3.34%)in group D(coronary diaphragm).Statistics of general hospitalization data,major pathogenic factors,clinical examinations,coronary lesions,diagnosis results,and treatment and drug use of young and middle-aged female patients.Results:(1)General clinical data: The age and body mass index of patients with coronary artery stenosis were higher than those without coronary artery stenosis(P<0.05).The proportion of smoking/secondhand smoke,high-salt,high-fat,high-cholesterol diet,hypertension,diabetes history,dyslipidemia,and family history of coronary heart disease was significantly higher in group C than in group B and A.The proportion of group B was also higher than that of group A(P<0.05).(2)Logistic regression analysis showed that Age,smoking/secondhand smoke,high-salt,high-fat,high-cholesterol diet,hypertension,dyslipidemia,fasting blood glucose levels,and lipoprotein a were independent risk factors for coronary artery stenosis in young and middle-aged women.(3)Compared with biochemical indexes,The fasting blood glucose and lipoprotein a levels in group C were significantly higher than those in group B and A(P<0.05);the hemoglobin of group C was higher than that of group A(P<0.05),and the HDL-C was lower than that of group B and A(P<0.05).(4)The proportion of patients with typical symptoms,wall motion abnormalities,carotid atherosclerosis,and electrocardiogram changes in group C was significantly higher than those in group B and A.The proportion of group B was higher than that of group A(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of exercise plate between the three groups(P>0.05).(5)Of 510 patients with coronary artery disease in middle-aged and young women,clinically diagnosed coronary atherosclerosis accounted for 15.29%;stable angina accounted for 10.39%;unstable angina accounted for 23.14;NETEMI accounted for 3.14%;AMI accounted for 9.61%;cardiac nerve function Disease accounted for 33.33%;bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis caused by lung diseases accounted for 1.76%;coronary artery spasm accounted for 0.20%;X syndrome accounted for 0.39%;coronary artery bridge accounted for2.75%.(6)Patients with coronary artery stenosis ≥50% and coronary artery stenosis <50% were mainly single-vessel disease(53.67% and 78.21%),and all of them were more common with LAD lesions(43.91%and 65.38%).(7)The special type of coronary artery disease was rare,a total of 17 cases,accounting for3.33%;1 case of coronary artery spasm,accounting for 0.20%;2 cases of X syndrome,accounting for0.39%;14 cases of coronary artery bridge,accounting for 2.75%.Conclusions: Age,smoking/secondhand smoke,high-salt and high-fat/high-cholesterol diet,hypertension,dyslipidemia,fasting blood glucose levels,and lipoprotein a were independent risk factors for coronary artery disease in middle-aged and young women in Shihezi area.The coronary artery lesions in the middle-aged and young women admitted to our hospital in Shihezi area were mainly single-vessel lesions.The lesions of the anterior descending coronary artery were more common.The stent treatment was also mainly based on a single vessel.