A Clinical Analysis Of 390 Cases Of Primary Empty Sella

Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with primary empty sella(PES).Methods: The clinical datas hospitalized adult patients of primary empty sella with different complaints,were gathered from September 2015 to December 2016 for retrospectively studing.Results:(1)Among the 390 patients,281 were female patients while109 were male patients.The mean age at diagnosis is(67.8±10.9)years.However,the peak age of onset is between 60 and 79.(2)The symptoms of the patients included headache(30.5%),fatigue(5.9%),sensorineural hearing loss(1.8%),cerebrospinal fluid leakage(0.3%),syncope(1.2%),visual disturbances(1.3%),palpitation(5.1%),hemiparalysis(5.6%),aphasia(0.8%),bradykinesia(1.3%),tremor(0.5%),cough(4.1%),xerostomia、Polyuria,polydipsia,polyphagia(3.6%),poor glucose control(2.3%),cranial tinnitus(0.8%),mouth askew(0.5%),postoperative re-examination(2.8%),occupying lesions(2.3%),fever(0.8%),epistaxis(0.3%),numbness of the limbs(3.6%),facial numbness(1.8%),neck and lumbodorsal pain(3.8%),courbature(2.6%),arthrodynia(2.1%),cognition deficit(4.9%).hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia were found in 8and 204 cases of patients,respectively。(3)The study shows that both patients of partial empty sella and complete empty sella are companied with hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,thyroid axis and dyslipidemia.There are no statistical significance(P>0.05),meaning no distinct difference between two groups.But patients with complete empty sella present higher age of onset and longer period of hypertension and longer period of coronary heart disease than patients with partial empty sella.Conclusion: With the popularity of MRI,the empty sella presents a higher incidence but is often overlooked by clinicians.This article highlights physicians’ attention to middle-aged and elderly women with hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and multiple pregnancies,who are more likely to merge empty sella.In addition,the patients with long term hypertension and poor blood pressure control,male patients with long smoking history should be routinely tested by MRI and pituitary hormones to clarify a diagnose and keep long-term follow-up preventing serious consequences.This article illuminates that empty sella is combined with cognitive dysfunction,but the real relationship remains unclear.Whether empty sella is related to cognitive impairment deserves further discussion.