The Relationship Study Between Occupational Stress And Depressive Symptoms Of Eletronic Manufacturing Female Workers In The Pearl River Delta Region

ObjectiveTo study the situation of occupational stress and depression of female workers in electronic manufacturing enterprises and find out the main influencing factors of occupational stress.To explore the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms.To analyze the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms.To study the effects of occupational stress on salivary cortisol,in order to accurately screen and identify high occupational stress groups so as to put forward preventive interventions and promote workers physical and mental health.Methods1 Questionnaire surveyThe JCQ and ERI questionnaire,PCQ-24 and PHQ-9 were applied to investigate the level of occupational stress,psychological capital and depressive symptoms in 845 female workers in Pearl River delta.Descriptivestatistics were calculated to demonstrated demographic characteristics of participants.The differences of occupational stress distribution among different population characteristics were analyzed by chi-square test.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between occupational stress,psychological capital and depressive symptoms.Structural equation model was used to analyze the relationship among occupational stress,psychological capital and depressive symptoms.2 Determination of salivary cortisol concentrationThe female workers who met with the inclusive criteria were uniformly collected saliva and analyzed their saliva COR concentration.The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the level of saliva COR.The difference of salivary COR concentration in different demographic characteristics was compared by using two independent sample t test or single factor variance analysis.The correlation between occupational stress and salivary COR levels was analyzed by Pearson correlation.Multivariate linear regression analyses the effects of occupational stress on COR.Results1 The current situation and influencing factors of occupational stress of female workers.According to JCQ,the rate of occupational stress was 70.90%(599).Female workers working in assembly line showed a high risk of occupational stress(OR=1.608,95%CI:1.113-2.325).Being exposed to occupationalhazards was associated with a higher risk of occupational stress(OR=1.406,95%CI:1.068-2.012).According to ERIQ,the rate of effort reward imbalance was 22.60%(191).Compared with female workers who working less of 50 hours per week,working 50-hours per week(OR=2.188,95%CI: 1.492-3.209)and working more than 60 hours per week(OR=2.859,95%CI: 1.853-4.411)were higher risk of effort reward imbalance.Being exposed to occupational hazards was associated with a higher risk of occupational stress(OR=2.072,95%CI :1.405-3.056).2 The relationship between occupational stress and salivary cortisol.There was no significant difference in the concentration of salivary cortisol in different age,education level,working age and marital status(P>0.05).Female wokers with occupational stress had higher salivary cortisol level than that without occupational stress(P<0.05).Salivary COR levels were mainly affected by over-commitment,social support and effort,which explained 26.2% of variations in salivary COR concentrations.3 The current situation and influencing factors of depression symptoms of female workers.17.8% of female workers suffered from depression symptoms.Marital status and exposure to occupational diseases were the influencing factors of depression symptoms.Compared with married women workers,the risk of depression symptoms in single female workers were higher(OR=1.774,95%CI : 1.135-2.773);.The risk of depressive symptoms among female workers exposed to occupational hazards during work was higher to1.573(OR=1.573,95%CI: 1.065-2.534)times then that of female workers who are not exposed to occupational hazards.4 The relationship between depressive symptoms and salivary cortisol.There was no significant difference in salivary cortisol concentration between female workers with depressive symptoms and without depressive symptoms(t=-1.862,P>0.05),and changes in salivary cortisol concentrations were not affected by changes in the score of PHQ-9(?=0.044,P>0.05).5 The relationship between occupational stress,psychological capital and depressive symptomsJob demands was positively correlated with the scores of depressive symptoms(r=0.144,P < 0.01),and social support was significantly negatively correlated with depressive symptoms(r=-0.221,P<0.01).Effort(r=0.197,P<0.01)and over commitment(r=-0.260,P<0.01)were positively correlated with the score of depressive symptoms,and the rewards was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms(r=-0.211,P <0.01).Psychological capital was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms,and plays a partly mediating role in the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms of female workers.Conclusions1 The prevalence rate of occupational stress among electronic manufacturing female workers in the Pearl River delta was high.Assembly-line work,50-hour working hours and more than 60 hours workweek,and those who are exposed to occupational hazards are at high risk of occupational stress.2 The level of salivary COR is affected by occupational stress.It could be the candidates of the early effective biomarker of occupational stress,but further research is needed.3 The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms among electronic manufacturing female workers in the Pearl River delta was high.There is a high risk of depressive symptoms in female workers who are single and exposed to occupational hazards.4 Occupational stress can affects the depressive symptoms of women workers,or indirectly affect depressive symptoms through psychological capital,reduce occupational stress and improve psychological capital as a way to relieve the depressive symptoms of women workers.