Expression And Clinical Significance Of CLIC1 In Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background and ObjectiveEsophageal cancer is a common digestive tumor that seriously jeopardizes human health and life.According to the report of WHO,in 2012,there were about 450,000 new cases of esophageal cancer worldwide and 400,000 cases of deaths.Among them,287,000 new cases of esophageal cancer occurred in our country and 211,000 cases died.The incidence and mortality rate of esophageal cancer in China is at a high level in the world.Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common pathological type.The results of the third national cause of death survey from 2004 to 2005 showed that esophageal cancer accounted for 11.19% of the causes of cancer deaths,ranking fourth in the list of death causes of cancer.Although in recent years our country has attached great importance to the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer and conducted in-depth studies in high-risk areas,its morbidity and mortality have shown a downward trend after years of prevention and treatment.However,since most patients with esophageal cancer have entered the middle and late stages,the prognosis is poor.Therefore,it is necessary to find the biologically specific factors closely related to the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the study of the precise treatment of esophageal cancer and the factors that influence the prognosis.The chloride intracellular channel protein 1(CLICl)is the first member of the chloride channel protein family.Extensive in nerve cells,vascular smooth muscle cells,hepatocytes,skeletal muscle cells,digestive tract,respiratory tract,and secretory glands,and participate in important physiological functions such as regulation of cell volume and membrane potential,acidification of organelles,etc.Recent studies have confirmed that CLIC1 is also involved in physiological processes such as cell proliferation,cell cycle regulation,and cell differentiation.The abnormal regulation of these physiological processes can lead to the occurrence of diseases,especially tumor.Studies have reported that CLIC1 is highly expressed in many malignant tumors such as cervical cancer,breast cancer,hepatocellular carcinoma,gastric cancer,gallbladder cancer,and colorectal cancer.And it has a significant correlation with the invasion,metastasis,chemotherapy resistance and radiotherapy resistance and tumor prognosis of these tumors.However,there are few reports about the research of CLIC1 in esophageal cancer.To find out the relationship between CLIC1 and the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer,we used immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of CLIC1 in the tissue chip of esophageal cancer and explore its clinicopathological significance.To seek out the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer-related biological factors and provide new clues and ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Materials and Methods1.The expression of CLIC1 in 69 cases of esophageal cancer and 10 normal esophageal mucosal microarrays was detected by immunohistochemical method.The results of secondary integration assay were analyzed.The differences in expression of CLIC1 in esophageal cancer tissue and normal tissues were analyzed,and the relationship between CLIC1 expression and the sex,age,clinical stage,pathological grade,and lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer patients was analyzed.2.Statistical analysis: The data was processed with SPSS 19.0 software.The results were compared using a non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test.The test level was ?=0.05.Result1.CLIC1 is expressed in esophageal cancer tissues and normal tissues: According to the results of the second-order integral method,63 cases of CLLIC1 were positively expressed in 69 cases of esophageal cancer(positive expression rate was 91.30%).One cases of CLLIC1 were positively expressed in 10 cases of esophageal cancer(positive expression rate was 10.00%).The expression of CLIC1 protein in esophageal cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal mucosa.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).2.In the clinical stage of esophageal cancer,in 23 cases of esophageal cancer,19 cases of positive expression of CLIC1(positive expression rate 82.61%),41 cases of positive CLIC1 expression in 43 cases of esophageal cancer(positive expression rate 95.35%),3 cases of positive expression of CLIC1 in stage IV of esophageal cancer(positive expression rate 100.00%).The expression of CLIC1 protein in tissue with higher clinical stage of esophageal cancer was significantly higher than that of tissue with low clinical stage.The expression of CLIC1 in the three groups was significantly different(P<0.05).3.In the pathological grade of esophageal cancer tissue,Among 23 cases of esophageal cancer,23 cases of positive expression of CLIC1(positive expression rate 85.19%),21 cases of positive expression of CLIC1 in 22 cases of esophageal cancer(positive expression rate 95.45%),20 cases of esophageal cancer grade 3 positive expression of CLIC1(positive expression rate 95.00%).With the increase of histological grade of esophageal cancer,there was no significant difference in the expression of CLIC1 between the three groups(P=0.05).4.In esophageal cancer with or without lymph node metastases,52 cases of positive expression of CLIC1 protein in 52 cases of esophageal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis(positive expression rate 96.15%),13 cases of positive expression of CLIC1 protein in 17 cases of esophageal cancer without lymph node metastasis(positive expression rate 76.47%).The expression of CLIC1 protein in esophageal cancer tissue with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in esophageal carcinoma without lymph node metastasis,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion1.CLIC1 was highly expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,suggesting that CLIC1 may be closely related to the occurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.2.In the 69 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,the high expression of CLIC1 may be closely related to the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.