Mechanism Of Puerarin Relieving Injury Of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Based On Mucin Regulation

The intestinal epithelium is a single-cell layer that constitutes the largest and most important barrier against the external environment.It acts as a selectively permeable barrier,permitting the absorption of nutrients,electrolytes,and water while maintaining an effective defense against intraluminal toxins,antigens,and enteric flora.Over the past decade,there has been increasing recognition of an association between disrupted intestinal barrier function and inflammatory diseases.In vitro and in vivo animal studies have demonstrated that intestinal permeability is regulated by multiple factors,including exogenous factors,epithelial apoptosis,cytokines,and immune cells.Immune-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction is thought to be critical in the predisposition to and exacerbation of numerous autoimmune and inflammatory conditions,including inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and diabetes.The intestine is home to an extraordinarily complex microflora that provides an abundant source of potentially pathogenic organisms,toxins,and antigens.The dynamic and complex interactions between enteric pathogens or hyperproliferative conditional pathogensand the intestinal epithelium often leads to disturbances in the intestinal barrier,altered fluid and electrolyte transport,and the induction of an inflammatory response.Enteric pathogens can disrupt the intestinal barrier directly by binding to cell-surface molecules and inducing changes in TJ protein expression.Alternatively,pathogens generate toxins and proteases,which can promote cell damage and apoptosis,alter epithelial ion transport,and disrupt TJs and the cytoskeleton.At this time,the intestinal mucus layer which is an insulating layer that attached to the intestinal epithelium to block intestinal epithelial cells from contacting intestinal flora and their metabolites has become the key to the study.In this experiment,ulcerative colitis in SD rats was used as a model to study the recovery mechanism of puerarin on intestinal mucosal barrier injury and inflammatory diseases.The experimental results showed that the supplementation of puerarin significantly reduced the total relative abundance of mucin-utilizing bacteria increased in the intestinal lumen and mucus layer of the rat due to the development of ulcerative colitis,and was carried by genus Bacteroides,Ruminococcus 1,Eubacterium brachy group,etc.The relative abundance of cleavage genes and transporters of the mucins and the explosive growth of the genes compared to the control group indirectly protected the intestinal epithelium from the erosion by pathogenic bacteria and their metabolites and reduced the consumption of mucin for the colon.Providing the breathing time for goblet cells.On the other hand,puerarin supplementation significantly increased the number of colonic stem cells differentiated into goblet cells,enhanced the secretion of goblet cells and the secretion of mucin,and significantly increased the thickness and compactness of colonic mucous layer,further the contact between the intestinal pathogenic bacteria and their metabolites and the intestinal epithelium is blocked,providing sufficient time and space for the restoration of barrier damage.Furthermore,puerarin significantly increased the production of intestinal short-chain fatty acids by regulating the gut microbiota and commensals,providing sufficient energy for intestinal epithelial cells and goblet cells.In summary,daily puerarin supplement can modulate gut microbiota and commensals,stimulate the differentiation and secretion of goblet cells in the colon,increase the thickness of the mucus layer,thereby repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier injury and relieving the related inflammatory diseases.