Study On Mice Models Of Phlegm Induced By High-fat And High-sugar Diets And Their Reproductive And Metabolic Characteristics

ObjectiveTo observe the reproductive and metabolic characteristics of a high-fat high sugar diet(HFHSD)-induced phlegm TCM syndrome mouse model.Method21 day old SPF C57BL/6J female mice 40 and C57BL/6J male mice 20,the female mice were randomly divided into two groups: female control group(20)and female high-fat and high-sugar group(20).Male mice were randomly divided into two groups: male control group(10)and male fed high-fat and high-sugar group(10).High-fat and high-sugar group were fed with high-fat diet(Research Diet,D12492,60% fat)and 32% sugar solution(Sigma)from the 21-day-old,while control group were fed with normal diet(D12450,10% Fat).The mice were weighed twice weekly and the mice were weighed to calculate the food and water consumption of the mice.A estrus cycle observation and an oral glucose tolerance test(oral,OGTT)were performed every 30 days.On the 90 th day,an insulin tolerance test(ITT)was performed.After the intervention,the mice were isoflurane anesthetized(the female mice were killed at the estrus stage)and the heart was drawn to detect cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,testosterone,and luteinizing hormone.Observe the morphological changes of various tissues including ovary,uterus,liver,paragonadsal fat and mesenteric fat HE staining;real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection liver,fat synthesis factor(ACC1,Acsl,Fas),oxidation factor(Ppargc1a,Ppara,Cpt1 a,Ucp2)Expression of proinflammatory cytokines(MCP-1,IL-1?,TNF?)and macrophage(F4/80,CD68,CD11 b,CD11c)mRNA.Result1.HFHSD male and female mice both exbihit obese,slow activity and slow response.2.Body weight of male and female mice in the HFHSD group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);food consumption was lower than that in the control group;inguinal fat,para-adrenal fat,mesenteric fat,and paraspinal fat weight were high in fat mass Both male and female mice in the sugar group were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).3.The estrus cycle of female mice in HFHSD was slightly disordered,but there still appear estrus phase.4.Fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin and insulin resistance index,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein and hepatic function index of alanine aminotransferase in male and female mice in HFHSD were significantly higher than the control group.(P<0.05).5.HFHSD male and female mice Hepatic cell swelling,large number of lipid droplets and various sizes lipid droplet,and apperar typical fatty liver.Fatty cells in HFHSD male and female mice all showed bigger fat cells.The morphology of the ovary of female mice in HFHSD showed corpus luteum,however,without typical polycystic changes.6.The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage cytokines in the liver of male and female mice with high-fat/high-sugar increased;the expression of lipoic acid synthase mRNA was down-regulated;and the expression of Ucp2 mRNA was up-regulated.Conclusion1.The C57BL/6J male and female mice's high-fat and high-sugar diet met the phlegm and dampness syndrome model for three months.2.Metabolism of high-fat and high-sugar diets in C57BL/6J male and female mice showed obesity,insulin resistance,impaired glucose tolerance,increased blood lipids,decreased liver function,and up-regulation of hepatic inflammation.3.C57BL/6J female mice have a disorder of estrus cycle with high-fat/high-sugar diet,and there is no cystoid change in ovarian morphology,which can not induce the formation of a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome.