The Clinical And Pathological Significance Of BRAF-V600E Genetic Testing In The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Papillary Thyroid Micro Carcinoma(PTMC)

Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy.Of all the types of thyroid carcinoma,papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common one,and its morbidity is increasing for the past few years.Papillary thyroid micro carcinoma(PTMC)accounts for the major incidence of PTC.The increase in the detection rate of thyroid micropapillary carcinoma is in connection with the people's health awareness and improved examination methods.Ultrasound,the preferred imaging examination method,has greatly improved the detection of thyroid nodules.However,ultrasound has limitations in terms of distinguishing the benign and malignancy and detecting the nodules with diameter less than 10 mm.Despite with many shortages,ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration cytology(US-FNAC)makes up for the deficiency of ultrasound,which greatly improves the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodule.Its extensively used before the surgery to identify whether the nodules are benign or malignant.Studies have found that BRAF-V600 E mutation is associated with thyroid carcinoma and is the most common genetic alteration in PTC.This paper elaborates the research background,and the role of ultrasound played in detection of micro nodules and distinguishing the benign and malignancy.It also studies US-FNAC as an effective approach to distinguish thyroid micro nodules before the surgery.Moreover the development mechanism of BRAF-V600 E mutation in PTMC,and its relations with clinic pathologic features,as well as its guiding significance in clinical diagnosis and treatment are elaborated in this paper.In the end,it summarized the significance and prospect of clinical application of BRAF-V600 E in identifying high invasive PTMC before the surgery.It is expected that BRAF-V600 E could be used as an effective PTMC molecular marker to guide the diagnosis and treatment of PTMC,which enables the basic medicine interact with clinical medicine and realize personalized precision treatment standard.