Relationship Between APOE Gene Polymorphism And Behavioral Of Frontotemporal Dementia

Background and ObjectiveEpidemiological investigation shows that the prevalence of dementia in the elderly over 65 years old is about 5-9% in developed countries and 4-7% in China.According to this calculation,there are about 8 million to 10 million dementia patients in China.Dementia rates increase with age,with one in three to four older adults developing dementia after the age of 85.The disease for researchers and clinicians is a special kind of challenge,because it is potentially hazardous,pathogenesis and clinical features,diagnosis,timely treatment is often difficult,the behavior and mental symptoms of dementia(Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia,BPSD)is the main reason for the increase burden of care,and the pathophysiology of the behavior and mental symptoms has yet to clarify.There are three common subtypes of apolipoprotein E(ApoE)gene,are ApoEε2,ε3,ε4 respectively.Research has shown that APOE ε4 is Alzheimer’s disease(Alzheimer diseases,AD),Frontotemporal dementia(FTD)(Frontotemporal dementia,FTD),amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS),such as the risk factors,but the APOE ε4 in FTD patients of behavior and mental symptoms affect few studies.Therefore,we measured the genotypes of ApoE gene in several types of dementia patients,and evaluated the behavioral and mental correlation scales to explore the correlation between the two.Materials and methodsEighteen patients with Alzheimer’s disease,nine patients with Frontotemporal dementia,and nineteen normal people with matching age and sex were selected.The genotype of ApoE was determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR).Mini-mental state examination(MMSE),Cambridge Behavioral Inventory(CBI),Neuropsychiatric Inventory(NPI)and other scales were used to assess the behavioral and mental conditions of dementia patients.SPSS 22.0 software was used for analysis,independent sample T test was used for normal distribution measurement data,and rank sum test was used for non-parametric data.Univariate analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in quantitative data,and chi-square test and Fisher’s exact probability method were used to compare the rates.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results(1)The average CBI score of FTD patients was higher than that of AD patients(P < 0.001);(2)Among nine patients with FTD,only oneε4/4 homozygote was found,and the main carrying form ofε4 allele wasε3/4 heterozygote;(3)The carrying rate ofε2 allele in the health control group was higher than that in the FTD group;(4)In NPI scale,the scores of agitation,disinhibition and irritability were higher in patients with FTD who were carried byε4 allele;(5)In CBI scale,the scores of dietary preferences and appetite were higher in patients with FTD who were carried by ApoE 4 allele;(6)Patients with FTD who carryε4/4 homozygote may develop early abnormal symptoms of irritability,cursing and queer behavior;(7)The presence of ε2 allele had no effect on the abnormal behavioral symptoms of FTD patients.conclusions(1)The carrying rate of ε4 allele was higher in FTD group than the health control group;The frequency of ε2 allele in the health control group was higher than that in the FTD group;(2)APOEε2 allele increased the risk of symptoms of irritability,disinhibition and appetite change;(3)APOEε2 allele had no effect on the abnormal behavioral symptoms of irritability,apathy,disinhibition and appetite change in FTD patients.