The Status And Countermeasures Study Of Preschool Children Health Care Management In Heng-yang City

Objective: To explore the current situation of children's health management under the age of 7 and children's health status under the age of 5 in Hengyang city from 2016 to 2018,to understand the satisfaction and demand of parents of children under the age of 7 for children's health care services in Hengyang city,and to provide theoretical basis for the formulation of children's health care management measures.Methods:Based on the data from the annual report of maternal and child health in Hengyang from 2016 to 2018 and the children's planned immunization data provided by Hengyang CDC,five indicators of health management for children under 7 years of age(neonatal visit rate,health management rate for children under 7 years of age,systematic management rate for children under 3 years of age,breastfeeding for infants from 0 to 6 months and routine vaccination rate for children)and eight indicators of health status for children under 5 years of age(neonatal mortality rate,infant mortality rate,mortality rate for children under 5 years of age,low weight rate,growth retardation rate,overweight rate,obesity rate and anemia rate for children)were collated and analyzed.At the same time,360 parents of children aged 0-6years old in Hengyang city were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on their satisfaction and demand for child health care services in Hengyang city.Results1.2016-2018,the number of children under the age of 7 in Hengyang City decreased year by year.In 2018,there were 552,517 children under the age of 7 in Hengyang city.2.2016-2018,the neonatal visit rates in Hengyang City were 95.03%,94.82% and 96.02% respectively.The health management rate of children under 7 years old has increased year by year(90.55%,94.79%,95.55%),and the systematic management rate of children under 3 years old has increased year by year(90.58%,92.32%,92.39%).The above three indicators are lower in urban areas than in counties.2016-2018,In Hengyang City,the mixed breast-feeding rates of infants 0-6 months old were 78.51%,76.71%,80.32%,and the exclusive breast-feeding rates were 52.22%,50.03%,53.45%.The mixed breast-feeding rate of infants 0-6 months old in urban areas was lower than that in counties,but the exclusive breast-feeding rate was higher than that in counties.In 2018,the regular vaccination rate for 11 children in Hengyang was above 97%.3.2016-2018,the neonatal mortality rate in Hengyang City was 1.98‰,1.51‰,1.83‰,and the infant mortality rate was 3.44‰,2.82‰,3.58‰.The mortality rate of children under 5 years old was 5.69‰,4.77‰,5.86‰.Above three rates were significantly higher in urban areas than in county areas.2016-2018,the low body weight rate of children under 5 years old in Hengyang city was 1.59%,1.08%,1.62%,the incidence rate of growth retardation was 0.62%,0.58%,0.43%,the overweight rate was 0.91%,0.74%,0.68%,the obesity rate was 0.46%,0.30%,0.25%.Above four indexes were decreased year by year;The anemia rate of children increased year by year(3.16%,3.45%,3.65%).The low weight rate,growth retardation rate,overweight rate,obesity rate and anemia rate of children under 5 years old in urban areas are significantly higher than those in counties.4.In Hengyang City,The filing rate of health care for children aged 0-6 was 78.06%,the card building rate of planned immunization was 94.72%,the physical examination rate was 75.56%,and the awareness rate of parents' health care knowledge was 78.61%.The four indexes of health care for resident children were 92.20%,99.02%,90.72% and 93.66% respectively,which were better than those of migrant children(59.35%,89.03%,55.48% and 58.7%).the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(all all P?0.01).The satisfaction rate of parents to community children's health care services was 76.39%.The satisfaction rate of parents with or without resident children is different(all P? 0.01).Children's parents with different living forms have different needs for children's health care services.Conclusions1.Hengyang city's health management standards for children under 7 years old are effective: the neonatal visit rate,the health management rate for children under 7 years old,the systematic management rate for children under 3 years old,the breastfeeding of infants 0-6 months old and the routine vaccination rate for children have all reached and exceeded the target requirements of the China children development program(2011-2020)and the Hunan children development plan(2016-2020);However,the exclusive breastfeeding rate for infants 0-6 months old is lower than the basic level in Hunan Province and needs to be further improved.2.The health of children under the age of 5 in Hengyang City has been maintained at a relatively high level: the eight indicators of neonatal mortality rate,infant mortality rate,mortality rate of children under the age of 5,low body weight rate,growth retardation rate,overweight rate,obesity rate and anemia in children have all reached and exceeded the target requirements of the children's development program(planning).However,the incidence of anemia in children has a rising trend year by year,and the prevention and treatment of anemia in children needs to be further strengthened.3.Although Hengyang's children's health care work has made certain achievements,the management of migrant children's health care needs to be strengthened,and community health service centers should provide diversified children's health care services for children.