Expression Of YAP Protein In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma And Its Relationship With Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition

Objective : To observe the expression of Yes-associated protein(YAP)and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)associated protein E-cadherin and Vimentin in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),and to analyze the relationship between them and clinicopathological parameters(sex,age,location,clinical stage,pathological grade,lymph node metastasis),and to further explore the relevance of these three factors.To provide valuable references for studying the possible molecular mechanism of YAP in the occurrence and development of OSCC.Methods:The expression of YAP?E-cadherin and Vimentin in 54 cases of OSCC(experimental group)and its adjacent normal tissues(control group)were detected by immunohistochemical method.SPSS24.0 statistical software was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of the three factors and clinicopathological parameters(sex,age,location,clinical stage,pathological grade,lymph node metastasis)in OSCC,as well as the expression of the three factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Results:1.YAP positive staining was mainly localized in nucleus and/or cytoplasm,the positive rate 85.2%(46/54)in OSCC was significantly higer than 12.5%(6/54)in paracancerous tissue(P<0.01);The positive rate of YA P was positively correlated with pathological grade and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05),but not with sex,age,location and clinical stage(P>0.05).2.E-cadherin positive staining was mainly localized on cell membrane,the positive rate 48.1%(26/54)in OSCC was significantly lower than 92.6%(50/54)in paracancerous tissue(P<0.01);The positive expression rate of E-cadherin was negatively correlated with clinical stage,pathological grade and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05),but not with gender,age and location(P>0.05).3.Vimentin positive staining was localized in cytoplasm,the positive rate 55.6% (30/54)in OSCC was significantly higer than 7.4%(4/54)in paracancerous tissue(P<0.01);The positive expression rate of Vimentin was positively correlated with clinical stage,pathological grade and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05),but not with gender,age and location of the disease(P>0.05).4.In OSCC,YAP was negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression(r=-0.424,P=0.002),and YAP was positively correlated with Vimentin expression(r=0.519,P=0.001).Conclusion:1.YAP is highly expressed in OSCC,but is low or not expressed in normal tissues,and its expression level is positively correlated with pathological grade and lymph node metastasis,suggesting that YAP overexpression may play a role in promoting the invasion and metastasis of OSCC.Detection of YAP expression will be helpful to the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of OSCC.2.The expression of E-cadherin was low in OSCC,but high in normal tissues,the expression level was negatively correlated with clinical stage,pathological grade and lymph node metastasis.At the same time,the expression of Vimentin was highly expressed in OSCC,but low in normal tissues,and its expression level was positively correlated with clinical stage,pathological grade and lymph node metastasis.That is,the down-regulation of E-cadherin expression is accompanied by the up-regulation of Vimentin,suggesting that in OSCC cancer cells may acquire EMT phenotype,and EMT phenomenon occurs.The combined detection of E-cadherin and Vimentin has certain clinical significance in judging the prognosis of OSCC patients.3.The correlation between YAP ?E-cadherin and Vimentin in OSCC suggests that YAP may participate in and influence the process of EMT,and the expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin may also be regulated by YAP.YAP may become a new target for the treatment of malignant tumors in the future.