Research On Site Conditions And Quality Characteristics Of Phyllanthus Emblica

Phyllanthi Fructus is the dried fruit of Phyllanthus emblica Linn.,which is a famous ethnic herbal that widely distributed.It has the function of clearing heat and cooling blood,promoting digestion,etc.The influence of various links in the production of medicinal materials on the quality of P.emblica has still not been clear,the relationship between its characteristic indicators and quality either.In view of the above problems,and to provide a theoretical basis for application,this study investigated the resource distribution of P.emblica,evaluated the quality differences from different producing areas,harvesting dates,processing methods and storage years,and studied the correlation between characteristic components.This study collated the site conditions of P.emblica and related maternal origin,name and clinical efficacy;collected and analyzed the specimen data,the gallic acid content and climatic factors in the published literature,and obtained the following results: P.emblica was most widely distributed in Yunnan Province;the content of gallic acid in Guizhou,Yunnan and Sichuan was relatively high,of which Guizhou Province has the highest content.Among the climatic factors,the annual extreme high temperature,altitude and precipitation had the greatest impact on the content of gallic acid,and the minimum was the annual average temperature.The most suitable area for the distribution was the wetter area.The contents of gallic acid,corilagin,chebulagic acid,ellagic acid,quercetin and VC in P.emblica were determined by HPLC.The total polysaccharide content was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method.FT-NIR information was collected.The quality of P.emblica was evaluated by many ways on its chemical composition.And the following results were obtained:There were certain correlations among the chemical constituents of P.emblica.In addition to corilagin,gallic acid was positively correlated with other ingredients.Ellagic acid was positively correlated with corilagin and chebulagic acid.while VC were negatively correlated with corilagin and chebulagic acid.The content of polysaccharides was positively correlated with other components but corilagin.The samples that had the highest contents of gallic acid,corilagin,chebulagic acid,ellagic acid,quercetin,VC and total polysaccharide were YNCX,GXNN3,GZZF,GXNN3,YNDL,YNCX and SCHL.Cluster analysis showed that P.emblica.in Guizhou,Yunnan and Sichuan were clustered into one group,while the samples from Guangxi,Guangdong and Fujian were clustered into another.Grey correlation analysis showed that the quality score of was the highest in Guizhou Zhenfeng samples and the lowest in Zhangzhou,Fujian.The content of five phenolic components and polysaccharides in the samples of P.emblica collected in October were the highest,and the content of VC was the highest in December.The PLS-DA results showed that the component contents in different harvesting periods were significantly different and could be completely separated,among which VC and polysaccharides were the symbolic components of classification.According to the gray correlation analysis,the quality of P.emblica collected in October was relatively optimal,and worst in January.Dried the P.emblica samples with natural drying and oven drying at 30 °C,40 °C,50 °C,60 °C,70 °C,80 °C.5 phenolic components increased with the increasing temperature,but the VC content decreased,and the polysaccharide content was stable.Analyze FT-NIR information with PLS-DA,the total chemical composition of P.emblica varied greatly in different processing methods.There was a significant difference between nature dry and oven dry,and the components of P.emblica which was treated with adjacent temperature gradient were similar.According to the gray correlation analysis,the quality of P.emblica was relatively best at 60 °C,and the worst at 40 °C.The contents of five phenolic components in P.emblica samples stored for 1~9 years showed different increasing trends,while the polysaccharide content continued to decrease,and VC content was not detected.Collecting FT-NIR information and using PLS-DA analysis,it was found that the contents of total chemical components in samples stored for different years were different.Using data fusion strategy combined with PLS-DA and t-SNE processing,the samples of P.emblica with different storage years could be separated well.According to the gray correlation analysis,the quality of the sample stored for 4 years were relatively optimal,while 9 years' sample were the worst.Gelatin substituted oral protein BPRPs reacted with P.emblica extract,and the difference of total polyphenol content before and after reaction was an index to evaluate the degree of astringency.In Sichuan,the Dechang samples had the strongest astringency,while the Huili was the weakest.The correlation analysis showed that the astringency intensity was positively correlated with the total polyphenol content and negatively correlated with gallic acid and ellagic acid.Combined with the relative correlation analysis,the quality of P.emblica decreased with the increase of astringency intensity.