Research On Prenatal Care Service Access And Its Influencing Factors

Prenatal health care mainly includes prenatal examination and health education.It is the core measure to reduce maternal mortality and improve reproductive quality.Its focus is to detect and intervene the risk of high-risk pregnancy and neonatal defects as early as possible by providing full-course health education and clinical testing during pregnancy.Inadequate prenatal care for women may lead to many risks for pregnant women and newborns.Maternal and child health is an important part of China’s health service and health industry,and the main means to implement China’s population policy and global sustainable plan.In order to achieve the goal of sustainable development of the United Nations in 2030,implement the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Maternal and Child Health Care,the Outline for the Development of Women in China(2011-2020)and the Outline for the Development of Children in China(2011-2020),improving and popularizing prenatal care services for women is an indispensable part of public health services and the promotion of maternal and child health.This paper aims to study the accessibility level and influencing factors of prenatal care services for women in China in recent years by integrating macro-yearbook data based on traditional indicators and micro-survey data based on new indicators.Through the government information publicity website and China’s health statistics yearbook,collect secondary data such as maternal health service indicators.Based on three kinds of factors in Anderson’s behavior model of health service utilization,including Predisposing Characteristics,Enabling Resources and Need,a questionnaire was designed to conduct a micro-survey.The regression model was used to analyze the impact of three kinds of factors on the accessibility of antenatal health care services in China,i.e.the appropriate index of antenatal health care.According to macro data,the indicators of prenatal health care services for women in China are increasing year by year.The rate of in-patient delivery and the rate of new delivery basically reach full coverage.However,the indicators such as the rate of prenatal examination fail to fully reflect the adequacy and timeliness of the utilization of prenatal health care services for women and overestimate the accessibility and utilization level of prenatal health services in China.According to the data of micro-survey,most women’s antenatal health service utilization index reaches the level of "adequacy",but most items of antenatal examination are routine examination.The main promotion factors of women’s antenatal health care services include enabling factors and need factors.Among the enabling factors,women who participated in at least one kind of medical insurance,had more access to maternal health care knowledge and had higher level of community health service had higher level of appropriate index of antenatal health utilization.Whether planned pregnancies,anxiety during pregnancy and being diagnosed as high-risk pregnancies are among the need factors that promote the utilization of prenatal care services for women.Finally,this paper puts forward policy recommendations based on the enabling factors and needs factors affecting the utilization of women’s antenatal health care services.The measures and suggestions to promote the accessibility of prenatal health care services for women were put forward from the aspects of improving the medical security system,maternal and child health service network,strengthening maternal health education and social support.