Research On Metastasis Of Tumor Cells And Their Adhesion In Blood Vessles

Hematogenous metastasis is one of the main ways for distant metastasis of malignant tumors,and the essential step of the process is the adhesion of tumor cells to vascular endothelial cells.The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanism of the metastasis and adhesion of tumor cells in blood vessels.This includes the adhesion experiment in vitro of gallbladder carcinoma cell to endothelial cell and numerical simulation of the melanoma adhesion mediated by leukocyte under flow conditions.In order to study the adhesion to endothelial cells of GBC-SD cell with high invasive ability and SGC-996 cell with low invasive ability under different shear rates,an experimental platform including a parallel plate flow chamber has been established to simulate the microenvironment of blood flows in vitro.The results reveal that GBC-SD cells can adhere to endothelium cells when the shear rate is within 200s^-1,and the shear rate should be within 100s^-1 for the adhesion of SGC-996 cells;When shear rates are within the value at which adhesion can happen,As the shear rate increases,both the rolling number and firm adhesion number decrease,but their adhesion efficiencies firstly increase then decrease;Under the same flow conditions,the adhesion capacity of GBC-SD cells is better than that of SGC-996 cells,whereas change of the shear rate has less effect on the adhesion of SGC-996 cells.To explore the melanoma adhesion mediated by leukocyte,the hydrodynamic interaction between melanomas and leukocytes fixed on the blood vessel wall under flow condition is investigated numerically,considering the intercellular protein molecules binding and surface friction.The quasi-steady description is used to predict the motion and adhesion of a melanoma cell.The numerical results show that the adhesion characteristics are not similar under different flow shear rates.When the shear rate is low,the melanoma cell rolls along the surface of the leukocyte,and ultimately is captured by the leukocyte.However,when the shear rate is high,the melanoma cell runs away from the surface of the white blood cell at a position without adhesion.