Surface Analysis Of Pure Titanium Bioactivation After Low Temperature Plasma Treament

Objective: Titanium is the most commonly used dental implant material,but the biological aging of titanium can directly affect the biological response of the cells around the implant to the dental implant,resulting in a reduced rate of osseointegration.The purpose of this study was to re-obtain a high-energy hydrophilic surface by subjecting bioaged titanium to a low-temperature argon-oxygen plasma treatment to enhance the cell's affinity and biological activity..Methods: In this experiment,two different titanium sheets were studied: a smooth surface titanium sheet(SM Ti)and a sandblasted acid treated titanium sheet(SLA Ti).After the biological aging of the titanium sheet,the experimental group used Ar+5%O2 gas to generate a low-temperature plasma at a flow rate of 300 SCCM gas,and the surface of the titanium sheet was activated for 90 seconds,and the surface analysis was performed;the control group did not do any treatment.The surface morphology of SM Ti and SLA Ti before and after treatment was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The water contact angle of SM Ti and SLA Ti was measured by water contact angle measurement system,and the contact angle of the two sets of titanium sheets treated with low temperature argon-oxygen plasma was measured at different times(immediately,2 days,7 days,14 days,21 days).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)was used to analyze changes in surface chemical elements of SM Ti and SLA Ti before and after the low-temperature argon-oxygen plasma treatment.Results: After the low temperature argon-oxygen plasma activation treatment,the surface morphology of the two sets of titanium sheets was not detected under SEM.The measurement of the contact angle revealed that the two sets of titanium sheets were measured immediately after low temperature argon-oxygen plasma treatment.The water contact angle is zero degree,the surface of the two sets of titanium sheets becomes superhydrophilic,and the hydrophilicity of the two sets of titanium sheets after treatment with low temperature argon-oxygen plasma changes with time:after low temperature argonoxygen plasma treatment 2 day,7 days,14 days,and 21 days,the contact angle of distilled water on the smooth titanium sheet became 16.13±0.48°,23.17±0.34°,44.80±0.65°,and 51.60±0.73°;the contact angle of distilled water on the SLA titanium sheet became 8.70±0.51°,23.43±0.55°,33.60±0.82°,44.30±0.22°,these values were significantly increased compared with the immediate contact angle after low temperature plasma treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);XPS The results showed that after the low temperature argon-oxygen plasma treatment,the carbon content of the surface of the two sets of titanium flakes decreased,the oxygen content increased,and the titanium element increased.Conclusions: This study provides a new method of activating titanium implants immediately prior to dental implants.After activation by low temperature argon-oxygen plasma,the biologically aged titanium surface restores its superhydrophilicity and biocompatibility is significantly improved.