Effects Of Low-temperature Argon-oxygen Plasma On The Surface Bioactivity Of Titanium Implants In Vitro

Objective: Titanium is a good implant material in the field of oral implants,but it is prone to biological aging and slows the biological response of osteoblasts to implants.The purpose of this experimental study was to enhance the biocompatibility of titanium to osteoblasts by activating low-temperature argon-oxygen plasma(LTAOP)to instantly activate the biologically aged titanium surface,thereby accelerating the process of implant osseointegration.Methods: a mixed gas of argon + oxygen is used as an input gas to generate a low-temperature argon-oxygen plasma to immediately perform the bio-aging of the blasted titanium surface(SLA Ti)and the smooth titanium surface(SM Ti).The activation treatment,the surface of two titanium materials treated by low temperature argon oxygen plasma was used as the experimental group,namely SM Ti+LTAOP and SLA Ti+LTAOP.The surfaces of two titanium materials which were not subjected to low temperature argon-oxygen plasma treatment were used as a control group,namely SM Ti and SLA Ti.At the same time,osteoblasts of Sprague Dawley(SD)rats cultured in vitro were cultured on the surface of SM Ti and SLA Ti before and after LTAOP treatment.The adhesion of osteoblasts before and after LTAOP treatment was observed by scanning electron microscopy.The cytoskeletal actin(Actin)of osteoblasts before and after LTAOP treatment was observed by laser confocal microscopy.The results were detected by MTT before and after LTAOP treatment.The proliferation of each group of cells was evaluated at 1,3,and 5 days,and the differentiation of osteoblasts was evaluated by detecting the amount of osteocalcin(OC)secreted on days 7 and 14 before and after LTAOP treatment.Results: 1.Adhesion of osteoblasts: the scanning area of osteoblasts on the surface of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group by scanning electron microscopy,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2.Detection of osteoblast MTT: the experimental group treated with LTAOP was more favorable for the proliferation of osteoblasts,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.Stretching of cytoskeletal actin: compared with the control group,the cytoskeletal actin of the experimental bone cells spread more fully and cross-linked to form a network,and the spread area was larger and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Osteoblast osteocalcin(OC)secretion: The osteocalcin secretion of the experimental group on day 7 and day 14 was significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Results: 1.Adhesion of osteoblasts: The scanning area of osteoblasts on the surface of the experimental group was larger by scanning electron microscopy,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2.Detection of osteoblast MTT: The experimental group treated by LTAOP was more beneficial to the proliferation of osteoblasts,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.Stretching of cytoskeletal actin: The cytoskeletal actin of the experimental bone cells was spread more fully and cross-linked into a network,and the spreading area was larger and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Osteoblast osteocalcin(OC)secretion: The osteocalcin secretion of the experimental group on day 7 and day 14 was significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion: Studies have shown that titanium surface activated by low temperature argon-oxygen plasma can enhance the adhesion,proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and accelerate the early osseointegration of osteoblasts and titanium surface.This experiment provides a new idea for implants to activate the implant surface immediately before implantation.