| Objective: To construct a scientific and reasonable quality evaluation method and grade evaluation method of licorice materials and decoction pieces,and develop more scientific and reasonable quality and grade standards,in order to lay the foundation for improving the existing quality and grade standards.Methods: 1.Authenticity evaluation study: Collect 48 batches of glycyrrhizae materials and 30 batches of licorice pieces from different origins and sources,and comprehensively use methods such as DNA molecular identification,character identification,microscopic identification,and thin layer chromatography identification to determine glycyrrhiza materials and pieces Varieties to ensure the accuracy of the research results.2.Comprehensive quality evaluation research: Multi-indicator content determination and fingerprinting technology are used to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the quality of glycyrrhiza materials and decoction pieces from different origins and sources.3.Screening of influencing factors of quality of herbal medicines and decoction pieces:With reference to ancient and modern Chinese and foreign literature,combined with market research and production process analysis,the indicators of the appearance characteristics,inspection items,extracts,and content of the herbal medicines and decoction pieces were experimentally tested to screen and determine the materials And the quality influencing factors of decoction pieces.4.Glycyrrhiza herbs grade evaluation: Using statistical methods,through correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis,the relationship between quality factors such as appearance traits and internal ingredients and product specifications and grades are clarified.5.Licorice decoction grade evaluation: Statistical methods and composite mass constant methods were used to analyze the relationship between the appearance characteristics,internal components of licorice decoction pieces and grades of commodity specifications,and a new standard for licorice decoction grade evaluation was drawn up.Results: 1.Research results of authenticity quality evaluation: Through PCR technology,microscopic identification method,and thin-layer chromatography method,licorice herbs from different sources and origins and licorice pieces from different manufacturers were distinguished and identified.2.Comprehensive quality evaluation research results: Construct a fingerprint method to conduct comprehensive quality evaluation and analysis of licorice herbs and decoction pieces.3.Screening of quality influencing factor results: Measure the data of 48 batches of glycyrrhizae materials and 30 batches of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.pieces,measure moisture,total ash,acid-insoluble ash,heavy metals and harmful elements,9organochlorine residues,extracts,licorice The content of glycosides and glycyrrhizic acid were measured;the results of glycyrrhizae were analyzed,and the diameter of the thick end and the central circumference were selected and determined as the quality influencing factors of appearance characteristics,and the contents of extract,glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid were used as the influential factors of internal component quality;The results of licorice decoction pieces were analyzed,and the thickness,mass and diameter were selected and determined as the quality influencing factors of appearance characteristics,and the contents of extract,glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid were used as the influencing factors of intrinsic component quality.4.(1)Establishing the grade evaluation standard for glycyrrhiza: combined with statistical methods,the grade is divided into: First-class licorice herbs: the average thick end diameter is >1.57 cm,the average central circumference is >3.30 cm,the skin color a*is >7.69,the core color b* is >27.84,the extract content is > 38.49%,the glycyrrhizin content is > 0.88%,the glycyrrhizic acid content is > 2.77%;Second-class licorice herbs:the average diameter of the thick end is 1.40-1.57 cm,the average central circumference is3.02-3.30 cm,and the skin color a* is 7.66-7.69,the core color b* is 24.21-27.84,the extract content is 37.24-38.49%,the content of glycyrrhizin is 0.82-0.88%,the content of glycyrrhizic acid is 2.31-2.77%;Third-class licorice herbs: the average diameter of the thick end is 1.21-1.40 cm,the average central circumference is 2.64-3.02 cm,the outer skin color a* is 7.25-7.66,the inner core color b* is 20.82-24.21,the extract content is35.75-37.24%,the glycyrrhizin content is 0.60-0.82%,the content of glycyrrhizic acid is2.14-2.31%;Unified goods: the average diameter of the thick end is less than 1.21 cm,the average central circumference is <2.64 cm,the color of the outer skin is a*<7.25,the color of the inner core b* is <20.82,the content of extract is less than 35.75%,the content of glycyrrhizin is <0.60%,and the content of glycyrrhizic acid is <2.14%.(2)New method for grading licorice slices based on statistical analysis: First-class decoction pieces: the average diameter is >14.71mm;the average weight is >0.45g;the skin color a* is >8.51;core color b* is >7.62;the extract content is >38.79%;theglycyrrhizin content is >0.68%;the glycyrrhizic acid content is >2.23%;Second-class decoction pieces: the average diameter is 11.72-14.71mm;the average weight is 0.32-0.45g;the skin color a* is 7.70-8.51;the inner core color b* is 26.24-27.62;the extract content is37.38-38.79%;the content of glycyrrhizin is 0.59-0.68%;the content of glycyrrhizic acid is2.00-2.23%;Third-class decoction pieces: the average diameter is 9.25-17.72mm;the average weight is 0.23-0.32g;the skin color a* is 6.93-7.70;the core color b* is21.59-26.24;the extract content is 36.27-37.38%;the glycyrrhizin content is 0.52-0.59%;the glycyrrhizic acid content is 1.88-2.00%;Unified goods: the average diameter is<9.25mm;the average weight is <0.23g;the skin color a* is <6.93;the core color b* is<21.59;the extract content is <36.27%;the glycyrrhizin content is <0.52%;the glycyrrhizic acid content is <1.88%.(3)On the premise of meeting the pharmacopoeia standards,the compound mass constant method was used to divide the licorice pieces into four grades: first class ?18.84,second class <18.84 and ?13.35,third class <13.35 and ?6.48,etc.Conclusions: 1.The varieties of licorice herbs and decoction pieces are chaotic,the authenticity is difficult to distinguish;the quality is not the same,the pros and cons are mixed.According to the actual cultivation and market quality of licorice herbs and decoction pieces,attention should be paid to the quality of licorice herbs and decoction pieces.2.The quality and grade evaluation methods of licorice herbs and decoction pieces are constructed.On the basis of fully absorbing the previous standards and research results,find out the gaps and deficiencies,and improve and optimize them to build a more practical and scientific quality and Grade evaluation method.It has the advantages of simple operation,fewer links,and reduced experimental time.Considering the cost of inspection under the premise of ensuring quality,it is scientific,integrated and practical.Make full use of medicinal materials and decoction pieces to promote industrial development.3.Different from the traditional rating evaluation methods such as the previous rating standards,the developed rating evaluation method has the advantages of combining the appearance factor and the intrinsic component quality factor,and using statistical methods to classify the herbal medicine.Then,two commonly used methods such as statistical method and composite mass constant method were used to classify the licorice pieces.Compared with the previous grade evaluation method,the analysis is more complicated and not suitable for practical operation.The method in this paper is simple and suitable for practical production.Established a more reasonable grade evaluation standard,which laysthe foundation for realizing the high quality and superior price of medicinal materials and decoction pieces. |
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