Evaluation Of Vivo Sensitization In Mice And Plant Design Of Transglutaminase Cross-linked Tofu

In recent years,the incidence of food allergies has been rising,which may affect up to 10%of children,adolescents and 2-3%of adults worldwide.Food allergies can cause urticaria,angioedema,rhinitis and asthma.In some cases,it can cause anaphylactic shock and life-threatening.A recent related analysis report showed that the incidence of fatal food allergic reactions is 1.81 million people per year.Soybean is one of the important food crops in China.It has rich nutrition,high protein content and good quality.The amino acid composition of soy protein is similar to that of animal protein,in which the amino acid is relatively close to the ratio required by the human body,so it is easy to be digested and absorbed.However,soy protein contains a variety of anti-nutritional factors,including antigen protein,which not only affects intestinal digestion and nutrient absorption,but also causes adverse reactions such as allergies.Soy is considered an important allergic food.In recent years,with the widespread use of soybean products,the incidence of soybean allergy has also increased year by year.Tofu is a gel made from soybean through the steps of beating,boiling,coagulating and pressing.It contains various proteins in soybean.Microbial transglutaminase(MTG)can be used to change the biological characteristics of food proteins.It is often used as a food additive in food processing.Through its cross-linking with proteins,MTG can change the structure of proteins,and thus affect protein allergy.In this paper,soybean was used as raw material,and MTG was used as coagulant to prepare enzyme cross-linked tofu.The sensitization of MTG cross-linked tofu was evaluated in vivo by mouse sensitization stimulation model,and the industrial production of enzyme cross-linked tofu was designed.The main methods,results and conclusions of the study are as follows:1.In this study,BALB/c mice were used as the research object to construct the sensitization and stimulation model,and the sensitization of enzyme crosslinked tofu was evaluated by clinical symptom score,specific antibody detection(IgE,IgG),mast cell protease 1(mMCP-1),histamine,and cytokines(IL-4,IL-5,IL-10,IL-13,IFN-?)related to food allergy and the differentiation of different of T cells subsets.The results showed that the levels of specific antibodies(IgE,IgG),mMCP-I,plasma histamine,the Thl type cytokines in the mice of the enzyme cross-linked tofu group decreased and the Th2 type cytokines increased.Moreover,the increase of Thl cell subsets,the decrease of Th2 cell subsets and the significant increase of Tregs were observed,which induced the shift of Th1/Th2 balance to Thl,resulting in the decrease of the allergenicity of this kind of tofu.2.The effects of enzyme cross-linked tofu on the immune system of intestinal mucosa of mice were further identified by hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining and flow cytometry.The results showed that the enzyme cross-linked tofu could reduce the reactivity of the intestinal mucosa system,which is mainly manifested in the decrease of DC levels in MLN,the increase in Th1 cells in PP nodes and MLN,the decrease in Th2 cells and the increase in Tregs.Compared with soy protein,enzyme cross-linked tofu caused slight intestinal damage in mice.The above research results show that the enzyme cross-linked tofu could promote the change of intestinal immune cells,induce the allergic reaction to shift to Th1,and reduce the allergenicity.3.The factory design for the annual output of 3000 tons of low-sensitizing enzyme cross-linked soybean products was carried out,including the overall layout of the whole plant,the layout of the workshop,the pipeline layout of the production workshop and the flow chart of production process,material balance,equipment selection material balance,equipment selection and calculation,production workshop design and calculation,staffing and economic benefit analysis.It is estimated that the annual output of low sensitive enzyme cross-linked bean products is 3000 tons,the annual sales volume is 46 million yuan,and the annual net profit is 16.984 million yuan.