Study On The Correlation Between Dietary Pattern And The Dietary Score Of Different Ethnic Populations In Northeast China

Objective: So far,no studies have been found on the dietary intake and evaluation of the dietary quality of different ethnic groups in Northeast China.This research aims to study the dietary patterns and dietary characteristics of Han,Manchu,Mongolian and Korean ethnic groups in northeast China.The Chinese Diet Balance Index(DBI-16)was used to evaluate the diet quality of the four ethnic groups in northeast China.The study found that dietary nutrition intake characteristics existed in various ethnic groups,and based on this,it provided the theoretical basis and research basis for the intervention guidance of the dietary structure of different ethnic residents in Northeast China.Methods: In this study,the ethnic settlement areas of Nanshan Township in Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County,Balagar Gaole Town in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Changchun City in Jilin Province and Xiwu Banner Town in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected as survey sites.According to the 2010 census data,the population ratio of the Han,Manchu,Mongolian and Korean ethnic groups in Northeast China is 2: 1: 1: 1: 1,and the sex ratio is 1: 1.Based on the definition of the age group by the World Health Organization and the actual situation,the age is divided into 3 groups: the youth group(20 to 44 years old),the middle-aged group(45 to 59 years old),and the elderly group(? 60 years old).The proportion is 3: 2: 1.A total of 518 people were selected as the survey objects in this study.The study used a 3-day 24-hour meal review method to collect dietary intake data of residents.The data were double-entered using EpiData 3.1 software and a database was established,and data analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 statistical analysis software.For continuous variable data,the mean ± standard deviation or median(Q1,Q3)is used for description.The comparison between groups uses analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.The test levels are ? = 0.05,and P <0.05 is considered significant.For categorical variable data,percentages are used for descriptions,and comparisons between groups are made using chi-square tests.Exploratory factor analysis(EFA)was used to extract the main dietary patterns,and DBI-16 was used to evaluate the dietary quality of different ethnic groups in Northeast China,and to explore the dietary structure and dietary qualityof different ethnic groups in Northeast China.Results:1.Survey participants' food and nutrient intakeThe dietary intake of the Han,Manchu,Mongolian,and Korean ethnic groups in Northeast China was unreasonable and there were differences among ethnic groups(P <0.05).Among the three major nutrients intake,the energy supply ratio of fat is higher than the recommended value.The vitamin A,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,and calcium intakes of all ethnic groups were lower than the recommended amount to varying degrees.There were differences in the intake of vitamin A,vitamin B2,vitamin B3,vitamin C,calcium,potassium,sodium,magnesium,zinc,selenium,and copper among different ethnic groups(P < 0.05).2.Main dietary patterns of different ethnic groups in Northeast ChinaA total of three main dietary patterns were extracted from different ethnic groups in Northeast China: beans and miso and vegetable dietary pattern,traditional dietary pattern in Northeast China,and processed product's dietary pattern.The beans and miso vegetable dietary pattern are dominated by beans,miso and fresh vegetables.The traditional dietary pattern in Northeast China are based on eggs,fresh vegetables,potatoes,cereals,miso,and livestock and poultry meat.Processed product's dietary pattern are based on fast food,confectionery,and cured meat.3.Ethnic and dietary patternAfter adjusting for age and gender factors,ethnic factors were significantly associated with the scores of bean and miso and vegetable dietary pattern and traditional dietary pattern in the Northeast China(P < 0.05).Among the Han population,the traditional dietary pattern in the Northeast accounted for the highest proportion;among the Manchu population,the traditional dietary pattern in the Northeast accounted for the highest proportion;among the Mongolian population,the processed product's dietary pattern accounted for the highest proportion;among Koreans,the bean and miso and vegetable dietary pattern accounted for the highest proportion.4.(1)HBS: There is a statistically significant difference in gender(P < 0.05).The excess of male intake is higher than that of females;the dietary excess of four ethnic groups issignificantly different(P < 0.05),Koreans had the highest dietary intake levels.(2)LBS: Significant differences in age(P < 0.05),45 to 59-year-olds have the highest dietary insufficiency;the four ethnic groups have significant differences in dietary insufficiency.(P < 0.05),Manchu residents had the highest level of insufficient dietary intake.(3)DQD: There is a statistically significant difference in gender(P < 0.05).The overall dietary imbalance of men is greater than that of females.There was no significant difference in the overall dietary imbalances of different ethnic groups(P = 0.51),which were manifested as insufficient intake of dairy products,fresh vegetables,fruits,and aquatic products and moderate excessive intake of livestock and poultry meat,but overall all belong to low dietary imbalances.Conclusion:1.The diet structure of different ethnic groups in Northeast China is different,and targeted nutrition and health education and dietary intake guidance should be conducted according to the dietary habits of different nationalities.2.There are three dietary patterns among different ethnic groups in Northeast China: the bean and miso and vegetable dietary pattern,the traditional dietary pattern in Northeast China,and the processed product's dietary pattern.3.There is a significant correlation between ethnic groups and traditional Northeast dietary pattern and processed product dietary pattern.4.Different ethnic groups in Northeast China have the same degree of dietary imbalances.However,the degree of dietary intake excess,dietary intake deficiency and the average level of diet quality are different in each ethnic group.The problems of dietary intake are mainly low-level dietary imbalances,which are manifested by insufficient intake of fresh vegetables,fruits,dairy products,beans,and aquatic products,and excessive intake of cereals and meat foods.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen health education and dietary structure intervention guidance for different ethnic groups in Northeast China.