| Background: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a perennial herb of the Labiatae family.Use dried roots.As a traditional medicinal part,the root has a bitter taste and coldness,and has a long clinical application.The main effect is to clear heat and detoxify.The stems and leaves of the non-medicinal parts of Scutellaria baicalensis have been used as a kind of tea for more than a thousand years.The folks pick the local Scutellaria baicalensis leaves and tea for drinking,and call this tea as Scutellaria baicalensis tea,golden tea,etc.It has a variety of health effects.At present,there are many production enterprises around Beijing,Wuchuan,Yakeshi,Inner Mongolia,Chengde,Chicheng,Hebei,Lingchuan,Lintong,and other places to develop and produce Scutellaria baicalensis.Traditionally,the Scutellaria baicalensis used in folks does not distinguish between stems and leaves,and has the problems of poor appearance and palatability.In recent years,in order to improve the appearance and taste,at the same time,as the Scutellaria baicalensis is a perennial perennial herb,the leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis grow luxuriantly and the yield is large.Many folk manufacturers of Scutellaria baicalensis take only Scutellaria baicalensis leaves and introduce southern tea technology to process them into Scutellaria baicalensis tea.The finished Scutellaria baicalensis tea looks like ordinary tea,and has greatly improved its appearance and taste.However,because Scutellaria baicalensis has not yet been approved as a new food ingredient,Scutellaria baicalensis tea is currently mainly sold and used as a specialty product in the private sector,and has not been fully developed and used.Recently,the research group has carried out a series of researches on the anti-aging effects of Scutellaria baicalensis.The results showed that baicale root extract and its main monomer components baicalein and baicalin all showed anti-aging activity in different animal aging models such as rats,mice and Drosophila.At the same time,based on D-galactose-induced aging rat model combined with metabolomics technology to evaluate and compare anti-aging efficacy of Scutellaria baicalensis root,stem and leaf extracts,the research results show that Scutellariabaicalensis stem and leaf alcohol extracts also have anti-aging effects.Effect,and Scutellaria baicalensis leaves is superior to Scutellaria baicalensis in regulating the senescence markers.However,the anti-aging effects and mechanisms of Scutellaria baicalensis tea have not been further studied.Therefore,in-depth research on the anti-aging effects and chemical components of Scutellaria baicalensis leaves and Scutellaria baicalensis tea will help the further development of Scutellaria baicalensis leaves,and lay the foundation for expanding the application and market scope of Scutellaria baicalensis tea.Therefore,this topic will analyze the chemical constituents of Scutellaria baicalensis tea.At the same time,because the Drosophila.is a model organism,it has the advantages of small size,easy operation,simple breeding,low cost,short life cycle and so on.It has its unique advantages in studying the anti-aging effects of drugs to extend life.This project will use model organisms Drosophila,based on metabonomics and transcriptomics,to study the anti-aging effect and mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis.Lay the foundation for the further development of Scutellaria baicalensis leaves tea.Objective: 1.To analyze the chemical constituents of Scutellaria baicalensis tea.2.The anti-aging efficacy of Scutellaria baicalensis tea extract was evaluated based on the aging model of Drosophila melanogaster,and its anti-aging mechanism was explored using metabonomics and transcriptomics.Methods: 1.The chemical constituents of Scutellaria baicalensis tea was analyzed by LC-MS technology.2.Three different concentrations of Scutellaria baicalensis tea(1g·L-1,3g·L-1,5g·L-1)were fed to the Drosophila,and the control group was fed the Drosophila with blank medium.The effects of different groups on the lifespan of hydrogen peroxide-damaged Drosophila and natural aging Drosophila,as well as the food intake and fecundity of Drosophila were evaluated.3.Using 1H-NMR and LC-MS metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis to explore the possible anti-aging metabolic regulation mechanismof Scutellaria baicalensis tea.4.Transcriptomics was used to sequence the transcriptome of Scutellaria baicalensis tea to fed Drosophila and blank medium to fed Drosophila,and functional analysis and pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes were conducted to explore the possible regulation mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis tea.5.Flyscape integration analysis was used to analyze the differential metabolites and differential genes regulated by Scutellaria baicalensis tea to explore the key pathways of Scutellaria baicalensis tea.Results: 1.Based on LC-MS analysis of the chemical components of Scutellaria baicalensis,a total of 32 flavonoids were identified,of which there were 18 significantly different components between Scutellaria baicalensis tea and Scutellaria baicalensis leaves.However,there was no significant change in the chemical composition.2.The effect of different groups on the life span of hydrogen peroxide damage model Drosophila showed that the life span of Drosophila melanogaster could be prolonged after t Scutellaria baicalensis tea were extracted?P<0.05?.The results showed that Scutellaria baicalensis tea could significantly prolong the lifespan of Drosophila?P<0.05?.At the same time,Scutellaria baicalensis tea could increase the reproductive power of Drosophila?P <0.05?food intake of Drosophila has no effect.3.The results of 1H-NMR metabolomics and LC-MS metabolomics show that the water extract of Scutellaria baicalensis tea can significantly improve the senescence of Drosophila.S-plot and VIP values were used to search for differential metabolites.The results showed that Scutellaria baicalensis tea had 52 differential metabolites including glutamine,?-ketoglutarate,glycine,and sarcosine,as well as phenylalanine and tyrosine.12 metabolic pathways such as tryptophan biosynthesis produce varying degrees of regulation.4.Transcriptomics results showed that there were 371 differential genes in the aging group compared with the blank group,of which 148 were up-regulated and 233 were down-regulated;the Scutellaria baicalensis tea group had 366 differential genescompared to the aging group,of which 244 Up,122 down.There are 71 common differential genes among all differential genes.GO enrichment analysis was performed on the differential genes of the Scutellaria baicalensis tea group and the senescence group,and GO classification was performed according to molecular function MF,biological process BP,and cell component CC.The results showed that Scutellaria baicalensis could significantly regulate 277 pathways?P<0.05?,including 93 pathways of MF,165 pathways of BP and 19 pathways of CC.KEGG enrichment analysis of differential genes in Scutellaria baicalensis tea group and senescence group,the results showed that Scutellaria baicalensis tea on galactose metabolism,starch and sucrose metabolism,longevity regulation pathways-multiple species,folic acid biosynthesis,glycine,serine and threonine Metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism and nitrogen metabolism produce different degrees of regulation.5.Flyscape integrated analysis results show that some metabolites and genes are in the same metabolic pathway,including alcohol degradation,amine and polyamine biosynthesis,amino acid biosynthesis,amino acid degradation,carbohydrate biosynthesis,and carbohydrate degradation and carboxylate degradation pathways.Conclusion: The water extract of Scutellaria baicalensis tea can prolong the life span of Drosophila melanogaster,and by regulating different metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism,it can improve the metabolic disorder of the body and thus delay the aging of the body. |
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