| Objectives:The risk factors of chronic hepatitis B and related factors of patients'quality of life in Fuzhou were determined,and the knowledge level of hepatitis B prevention and control,as well as health education demand status of patients and their family members were also investigated.Methods:(1)The risk factors of chronic hepatitis B infection in Fuzhou were investigated by 1?1 case-control study.The data was analyzed by using SPSS22.0software.?~2 test was adopted by single factor analysis,while conditional Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis,as well as the OR value and 95%confidence intervals were calculated.(2)Descriptive research methods were adopted to investigate the factors influencing the quality of life of patients with hepatitis B.Single factor analysis of variance,nonparametric test and Pearson correlation analysis were used.Multiple factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis.(3)To investigate the knowledge about HBV infection,knowledge source and health education need of 264 hepatitis B patients and 126 family members in Fuzhou,the self-designed questionnaires were used,and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 22.0.Results:(1)The survey results showed that junior high school education or below,unvaccinated hepatitis B vaccine,history of exposure to hepatitis B patients,unused condom,history of muscle/intravenous injection at the township level and below,and lack of knowledge about hepatitis B prevention may be related to the incidence of hepatitis B virus infection.The proportion of hepatitis B patients in Fuzhou with 4risk factors,3 risk factors,2 risk factors,1 risk factor and unsuspected risk factors were respectively 11.881%,27.723%,38.119%,19.802%and 2.475%.The main route of transmission of hepatitis B infection in Fuzhou was father-to-infant/mother-to-infant transmission(53.465%),secondary transmission was iatrogenic(19.802%).Close life contact with hepatitis B patient,sexual contact and unexplained transmission were 12.871%,11.387%and 2.475%,respectively.(2)The overall quality of life standard for patients with chronic hepatitis B in Fuzhou was76.328±9.937.The quality of life varies with patient characteristics.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the quality of life of patients with chronic hepatitis B hospitalization in Fuzhou were anxiety,sleep quality,lack of economic income after illness,hospitalization days,married,living in counties or villages,family monthly income per capita,payment form.During clinical treatment,the proportion of hepatitis B patients who had anxiety associated with sleep disorders is 20%,and their quality of life is low.(3)The average score of hepatitis B patients was 66.863±17.068,and the pass rate was 62.500%.The average score of family members'total score was 63.081±18.408,and the pass rate was 52.381%.Knowledge recognition of hepatitis B patients is related to education level,occupation and type of residence.Rural male patients and their families who have been educated for 9 years or less should be focus on.The internet is the main source of knowledge for hepatitis B patients and their families.The knowledge need that the patient wants to know is followed by dietary guidance,medication guidance,and condition observation guidance.The health guidance that family members expect to receive is medication guidance,prevention knowledge guidance,and dietary guidance.Conclutions:(1)The risk factors for hepatitis B infection in Fuzhou are junior high school education or below,unvaccinated hepatitis B vaccine,history of exposure to hepatitis B patients,unused condom,history of muscle/intravenous injection at the township level or below,and lack of knowledge about hepatitis B prevention.Fuzhou hepatitis B infection population is mainly composed of two risk factors,the main transmission route is father-to-infant/mother-to-infant transmission.Corresponding preventive measures which should be taken for risk factors include strengthening the depth and breadth of hepatitis B health education,and improving the awareness of hepatitis B prevention,thereby reducing the infection rate of hepatitis B.(2)The overall quality of life among patients with chronic hepatitis B hospitalized in Fuzhou wasnot good.Factors affecting the quality of life include anxiety,quality of sleep,lack of economic income after illness,hospitalization days,marriage,residence in counties or villages,family monthly income per capita,and medical payment form.During clinical treatment,patients with anxiety and sleep disorders have high risk of low quality of life.The clinical treatment path of hepatitis B should focus on such patients,and early knowledge transfer or treatment should be taken to relieve anxiety and moderate sleep,then may improve the quality of life.(3)The awareness rates of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge among hepatitis B patients and their families in Fuzhou are both low,which are related to the level of education,occupation and the place of residence.The awareness rate of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge is different because of the difference of patients'characteristics,and the need of health education is also different.Emphasis should be put on rural male patients and their families who studied at school for 9 years or less.According to the different characteristics of patients and their families,individualized health education pathways for hepatitis B should be formulated according to their need,and diversified health education methods should be adopted to carry out differential health education interventions,thereby it could strengthen the awareness of hepatitis B prevention and control,reduce the rate of hepatitis B infection and recurrence,and improve the quality of life. |
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