Research On The Correlation Between Meteorological Factors And Incidence Of Acute ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction In Jilin Province

Objective:By collecting the basic data of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)and the meteorological data of the same period,we investigate the distribution patterns of seasonal and monthly incidence for STEMI patients in Jilin Province,the correlation between different meteorological factors and number of STEMI cases per month,and the influence of meteorological factors on the frequent onset of STEMI,which will be helpful for the proposal of the local prevention strategies and effective prevention in combination with meteorological factors in the future.Method:A retrospective analysis was made on 6325 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology,the First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University and diagnosed as STEMI from December 1,2014 to November 30,2017.At the same time,we collected the meteorological data of the same period provided by Jilin Meteorological Service and analyzed the seasonal and monthly distribution patterns of the number of STEMI cases.Pearson linear correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the number of STEMI cases per month and different meteorological factors.By continuous collecting the meteorological data of the day,the day before and the two days before the frequent onset days of STEMI,we respectively investigated the difference of meteorological factors between the frequent onset days of STEMI and the days of non-frequent onset of STEMI in subgroups with different demographic factors and traditional risk factors of STEMI.A retrospective analysis was made on the independent risk factors of STEMI frequent onset by logistic regression.Result:(1)There were seasonal and monthly distribution patterns of STEMI,1707 cases in spring,1415 cases in summer,1632 cases in autumn and 1571 cases in winter.The cases in spring and autumn were more than those in winter and summer,and cases in May were more than those in other months,and the cases in August were the least.(2)The number of STEMI cases per month was positively correlated with monthly temperature variation(r=0.589,P = 0.044),negatively correlated with monthly average relative humidity(r=-0.722,P=0.008),and positively correlated with monthly maximum wind speed(r=0.614,P=0.034).The results of multiple linear regression analysis suggested that monthly average relative humidity had an important influence on the incidence of STEMI,and the regression equation could be established: the number of STEMI cases per month = 237.401-1.06 * monthly average relative humidity.(3)The maximum temperature,minimum temperature and the average temperature on the day,the day before and the two days before the frequent onset days of STEMI were lower than those on the days of non-frequent onset.The average atmospheric pressure on the day,the day before and the two days before the frequent onset days of STEMI was higher than those on the days of non-frequent onset.The average relative humidity on the day and two days before the frequent onset days of STEMI was lower than those on the days of non-frequent onset.The maximum wind speed on the day of frequent onset days of STEMI was higher than that on the days of non-frequent onset.The sunshine time on the day of frequent onset days of STEMI was less than that on the days of non-frequent onset,and the rainfall on the day of frequent onset was less than that on the days of non-frequent onset.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(4)Among male patients,the extreme wind speed on the two days before the frequent onset days of STEMI was higher than that on the days of non-frequent onset.Among female patients,the average atmospheric pressure on the day,the day before and the two days before the frequent onset days of STEMI was higher than that on the days of non-frequent onset,the sunshine time on the day before the frequent onset days of STEMI was less than that on the days of non-frequent onset.Among the patients at the range of 55 Y<age≤65 Y,the maximum temperature,the minimum temperature and the average temperature on the day,the day before and the two days before the frequent onset days of STEMI were lower than those on the days of non-frequent onset,and the average atmospheric pressure on the two days before the frequent onset days of STEMI was higher than that on the days of non-frequent onset,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among patients with hypertension,diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidemia,and under the age of 55 Y,over the age of 65 Y,the meteorological data has no significant difference between the days of frequent onset and the days of non-frequent onset(P>0.05).(5)Logistic regression analysis showed that lower minimum temperature on the day,the two days before frequent onset days of STEMI and lower average relative humidity on the day,the two days before frequent onset days of STEMI were independent risk factors for the frequent onset of STEMI.Conclusion:(1)There were seasonal and monthly distribution patterns of STEMI,more frequent in spring and autumn than winter and summer,and more frequent in May than other months.(2)Meteorological factors had an effect on the incidence of STEMI,especially in patients at the range of 55 Y<age≤65 Y.Lower minimum temperature on the day,the two days before frequent onset days of STEMI and lower average relative humidity on the day,the two days before frequent onset days of STEMI were independent risk factors for the frequent onset of STEMI.