| Objective To construct a scale for the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of self-monitoring blood glucose(SMBG)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and to provide a scientific and effective measurement tool for evaluating patients’ knowledge,attitude and practice level of SMBG.To understand the current status of the knowledge,attitude and practice level of SMBG in diabetic patients,and to explore its related influencing factors,so as to provide a reference for improving the knowledge,attitude and practice of SMBG in patients.Methods This study was divided into two stages,including the construction of SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Practice scale,and the cross-sectional study.In the first stage,through literature review and qualitative research,specific items of SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Behavior Scale were formulated;specific items were revised through expert consultation and prediction test;the reliability and validity of SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Behavior Scale were tested through clinical investigation to form a formal scale;in the second stage,the knowledge,attitude and behavior level of SMBG was used as dependent variable,and the general demographic data and disease-related data(self-compiled),social support and psychological status were independent variables.A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 350 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to understand the status of Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG,to analyze the impact of demographic variables and disease-related data on Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG,and to explore the correlation among social support and psychological status and the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG.Results The scale of SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Practice had good reliability and validity.Different demographic factors and disease-related data have an impact on the level of Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG,and the social support and psychological factors were related to the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG.The SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Practice scale was composed of three dimensions: the knowledge,attitude and practice of SMBG,with a total of 28 items.The Cronbach’s coefficient of the scale was 0.832,the retest reliability was 0.982,and the S-CVI/UA was 0.91.The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that eight common factors were extracted from the SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Practice scale,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 62.168%.In this study,the average score of Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG was 190.59±37.2,of which the knowledge dimension scored the highest and the attitude dimension scored the lowest.There were statistical differences in gender,age,treatment,education level,duration of illness,whether on-the-job,marital status,complications,family income,medical payment,monitoring frequency and monitoring time points of the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice level of SMBG.The Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG were negatively correlated with various blood sugar indicators,the correlation with social support was r=0.559,the correlation with anxiety was r=-0.510,and the depressionrelated correlation was r=-0.592.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that nine variables were involved in the regression equation,including depression,support utilization,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,fasting blood glucose,complications,objective support,Hb A1 c,anxiety and marital status.Several factors could explain 62.2% of the variation of SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Practice.Conclusion The SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Practice scale can scientifically and effectively reflect the level of Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus;for the deficiency of SMBG Knowledge,Attitude and Practice,health educators can take individualized and effective targeted measures for different patients to improve the level of the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of SMBG in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The higher the degree of social support,the higher the level of knowledge,attitude and behavior of SMBG.The lower the level of anxiety and depression,the higher the level of SMBG knowledge,attitude and behavior.It is suggested that a sustained,systematic and effective health education system should be established with the support of the government to train professional health educators.Using the power of science and technology to strengthen the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice level of SMBG in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
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