Effect Of Probiotics Supplementation During Late Pregnancy On The Establishment Of Neonatal Intestinal Flora

Aim Study the changes of intestinal flora in normal newborns within 14 days after birth.To explore the effect of probiotics in pregnant women in the third trimester on the establishment of intestinal flora within 14 days after birth,and provide a clinical basis for the rationality of adding probiotics during normal pregnancy.Methods 1.Screening of the first hospital affiliated to Jinan University for systemicexamination and vaginal delivery,25 pregnant women who met the inclusionand exclusion criteria,grouped into 10 probiotics group,15 in the controlgroup,and signed the informed consent form before 32 weeks of gestation.The study was followed up to 14 days after birth.2.Collecting the first meconium from birth and the fecal specimen on the 3rdand 14 th day,based on 16 S r RNA gene sequencing technology,the abundanceand composition of the intestinal flora of the newborn,alpha diversity,betadiversity Sex,network maps,etc.for comprehensive evaluation.Results1.Species composition analysis of neonatal intestinal flora:(1)Compared withthe first meconium,the relative abundance of the proteobacteria in the controlgroup and the probiotic group decreased significantly on the 3rd day(from50.0% to 21.0%,66.8%).To 24.6%),the relative abundance of thick-walledbacteria increased significantly(33.2% to 56.3%,25.1% to 42.4%),and thethick-walled bacteria replaced the dominant position of the proteobacteria;(2)the two groups of newborns The relative abundance of the main phylum of thefeces on Day 3 and Day 14 remained relatively stable.There was nosignificant difference in the probiotics between the probiotics group and thecontrol group(P>0.05).2.Analysis of ? diversity of neonatal intestinal flora: The comparison of simpsonindex showed that(1)the diversity of gut microbiota in the control groupdecreased sharply on the third day,and compared with the first meconium andthe 14 th day,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P=0.00),indicating that the alpha diversity of intestinal flora decreased first and thenincreased in the normal newborns in the control group.(2)There was nostatistically significant difference in the intestinal flora between the probioticsgroup in the three periods,indicating that taking the triple bacteria in the thirdtrimester significantly increased the alpha diversity of the fecal flora on thethird day.3.Analysis of ? diversity of neonatal intestinal flora: PCo A results showed that(1)the same period of the three groups of bacteria in the same group,the firstmeconium was far from the intestinal flora on the 3rd and 14 th day.Far apart,no clustering,the community is very different,but the intestinal flora almostoverlaps on the 3rd and 14 th day,and the community structure is very similar,indicating that the neonatal intestinal flora ? diversity is 3rd after birth.Therewas no significant change in the day after the sudden decrease to the 14 th day.(2)In the same period,the probiotics group and the control group were compared,the first meconium clustering part was less than 1/2,and thecommunity difference was relatively large,but the intestinal flora was obviouson the 3rd or 14 th day.Clustering,community structure similarity is extremelyhigh.It indicates that taking the triplet in the third trimester can only changethe ? diversity of the first meconium,and can not change the ? diversity of thefecal flora on the 3rd and 14 th day of neonatal.4.Comparison of significant differences between the probiotics group and thecontrol group at the same time: Compared with the control group,the firstmeconium probiotic group had significantly reduced abundance of four speciesin the probiotic group,namely clostridia,clostridiales,lachnospiraceae,Romboutsia.These four different species have intimate evolutionaryrelationships.On day 3 and day 14,neonatal gut microbiota species did notdiffer significantly between the two groups.5.The network map of the top 100 species of genus in the neonatal abundance ofeach group:(1)With the increase of the age of the newborn,the networkdiagrams of the two groups are more and more loose,indicating that the genusof the intestines closely related to each other within 14 days after birthgradually Reduced,the significant correlation between the overall bacteria isgradually reduced.(2)Compared with the control group,the probiotic group ineach period was more evacuated than the control group,and the number ofbacteria in the network map was less than that in the control group,indicatingthat after taking the triplet in the third trimester.Can reduce the significantcorrelation between the overall intestinal flora of newborns.6.Significant correlation analysis between three probiotics in the intestine of thenewborn and other fungi:(1)Although the abundance of Bifidobacterium andStreptococcus in the control group began to increase after the third day of birth(from 0.6% to 14.6%,from 0.9)% to 7.8%),but the number of significantcorrelations with other species is sharply reduced(from 18 to 1,from 37 to 12).(2)The number of bifidobacteria and streptococci in the first meconiumcontrol group at birth was significantly higher than that in other probiotics,while the number of lactobacilli was lower than that of probiotics;On days and14 days,there was no significant difference in the number of significantprobiotics between the probiotics group and the control group.It indicates thatthe addition of triple bacteria during pregnancy can make the fetus in theuterus significantly related to the intestinal flora of the Bifidobacterium andStreptococcus in the uterus.Conclusion 1.Intestinal flora ? diversity decreased first and then increased within 14 days after birth,? diversity decreased sharply on the third day after birth,and there was no significant change after 14 days of sudden reduction.The correlation decreases as the neonatal age increases.2.Taking triple bacteria in the third trimester increases the alpha diversity ofthe intestinal flora on the third day of neonatal,reduces the beta diversity ofthe intestinal flora on the first day of neonates,and reduces the significantcorrelation between the genus.