The Controversy For Reading Classics In Late Qing Dynasty And Early Republic Of China

Recent years,with the occurrence of "The Full-time Reading Class" and "The Hot of Reading Classics",the issue of Reading Classics has again attracted the attention of scholars.As a result,this situation prompted me to study the whole story of Reading and Abolishing of Classics,I focused on the process of how the study of Confucian classics in the period from the Late Qing Dynasty to the early Republican era was step by step from the historical stage until it was abolished from the school.As well as discussing the various arguments about the resumption of Reading Classics and Abolishing Classics in the early years of the Republic of China,until 1935,there was a calm and peaceful exchange.However,most of the articles on the study of Reading Classics and Abolishing Classics began with the abolition of Cai Yuanpei in early Republican era,and did not study the impact of the study of Confucian classics in the late Qing Dynasty.The withdrawal of the study of the Confucian classics from the historical stage did not happen overnight,but experienced a historical process.The first chapter begins to discuss the situation of the study of Confucian classics in the late Qing Dynasty.The tragic lessons of the Opium War forced the Qing court to start the Westernization Movement,the Westernization School came into being.The students' first contact with "acousto-optic power" was deeply attracted and gradually abandoned the Confucian classics.The Confucian scholars in the late Qing Dynasty maintained the status of classics and asked the school to study the Confucian classics in the morning and learn the foreign language in the afternoon.In this way,there were still students who did not study Confucian classics in the afternoon.At the same time,the status of Confucian classics gradually began to decline.The Abolition of Imperial Examinations has dealt a heavy blow to the study of the Confucian school.This has made it impossible for rural communities to respect the culture of the sages and respect the culture of the scholars.Meanwhile,this has diluted the position of Confucian classics on the students' desks.In the second chapter,after The Imperial Examinations were completed,the school was built and the school regulation came into being.In the elementary school,the subject of Reading Classics occupies a high proportion of time,the university school begins the division of Confucian classics,and the industrial school does not have a reading section.The seemingly rigorous school regulation actually shows that the status of Confucian studies has been declining step by step,and the era of the lifelong learning of The Thirteen Classics did not exist.At this time,the sound of the abolition of Confucian classics at the primary school was the first time it appeared,and the controversy over the reading and the abolition of the Confucian classics was started.In the third chapter,Cai Yuanpei abolished the subject of Reading Classics during the early Republican era.Yan Fu first took the first blame for it.And Yuan Shikai and Kang Youwei were engaged in restoration under the banner of "respecting the Confucianism".Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao strongly criticized Confucius.Afterwards,Zhang Shizhao issued the "Reading Classics Order".Li Jinxi,Lu Xun,and Zhou Yutong peers opposed the order.Tang Wenzhi and Liang Qichao supported Reading Classics.Authorities in Jiangsu and Shandong provinces also supported Reading Classics.Afterwards,authorities in Guangzhou and Hunan provinces strongly approve Reading Classics and triggered strong critiques of Xu Chongqing,Ye Shengtao,and Shen Congwen.In the end,the Nanjing temporary government sacrifice Confucius,which caused the strong controversy between Hu Shi,Fu Sinian and Zhang Taiyan.Behind the debate,it is inextricably linked with the development of the era.Of course,it is closely related to the Ministry of Education's order to promote vernacular Chinese as a result of the loss of classical Chinese literature.In the fourth chapter,when reading questions are heatedly discussed,the chief editor of "Education Magazine" invites scholars from all walks of life to seek opinions,hoping to calmly express their views and give audience a reference.In the 71 responses,full support and complete opposition have a small percentage.Most of them were compromised opinions that Confucian classics were readable but aimed at different people.This controversy did not end.Therefore,today there is a debate on the issue of Reading Classics and the original intention of me to write this article.